Answer:
16.8 g
Explanation:
We are told than burning one mol of ethanol releases 1368 kJ. Now we are trying to find how much ethanol has to be burned, in grams, to release 500 kJ
We use ratios
-1368 kJ : 1 mole
-500 kJ : x
Then you cross multiply
-1368x = -500
x = 0.3655 mol
mass = number of moles * molar mass
= 0.3655 mol * 46.07 g/mol
= 16.8 g
The mass of ethanol ([tex]C_2H_5OH_{(l)}[/tex]) that must be burned to supply 500 kJ of heat is 16.84 grams.
Given the following data:
Standard enthalpy of combustion of ethanol = −1368 kJ/mol.Temperature = 298 KWe know that the molar mass of ethanol ([tex]C_2H_5OH_{(l)}[/tex]) is equal to 46.07 g/mol.
To calculate the mass of ethanol ([tex]C_2H_5OH_{(l)}[/tex]) that must be burned to supply 500 kJ of heat:
By stoichiometry:
1 mole of ethanol = 1368 kJ of heat
X mole of ethanol = 500 kJ
Cross-multiplying, we have:
[tex]1368 \times X = 500\\\\X = \frac{500}{1368}[/tex]
X = 0.3655 moles
Now, we can determine the mass of ethanol required:
[tex]Mass = molar \;mass \times number\;of\;moles\\\\Mass = 46.07 \times 0.3655[/tex]
Mass = 16.84 grams
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________ are particularly polarizable.
a. Small polar molecules
b. Large polar molecules
c. Small nonpolar molecules
d. Large nonpolar molecules
e. Large molecules, regardless of their polarity,
Answer:
Large molecules, regardless of their polarity,
Explanation:
Large molecules are easily polarizable. Polarizability has to do with the distortion of the cloud in a molecule. The larger a molecule is, the more polarizable it is. For instance among the halogen gases I2 (iodine gas) is the most polarizable being the largest molecule in the group even though it is a homonuclear molecule.
Option b- Large polar molecules are more polarizable due to their larger electron clouds, which can be more easily distorted by external electric fields. In contrast, smaller molecules and large nonpolar molecules are less polarizable because they have smaller or more tightly-bound electron clouds.
Explanation:Large polar molecules are particularly polarizable. Polarizability refers to the ability of a molecule to have its electron cloud distorted by an external electric field, which depends largely on the size and shape of the molecule and its electron cloud. Large, polar molecules have larger electron clouds, which can more easily be distorted, and thus are more polarizable. Smaller molecules, whether polar or not, and large nonpolar molecules are all less polarizable by comparison because they have smaller or more tightly-held electron clouds. For example, something like iodine trifluoride (IF3) would be more polarizable than water (H2O), because it is a larger, polar molecule.
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Why is performing extraction with several small portions of a solvent more officient than a single extraction with the same total volume of the solvent?
With various extractions the amount of material left in the trash will be lower, ergo the extraction will be more perfect. Various extractions with fewer amounts of solvent are more efficient than a single extraction with a huge amount of solvent.
Explanation:
Surely multiple extractions are better than the single large extraction. Because extraction is about maximizing outside field communication between the two solvents, and you easily get more surface area contact with fewer amounts.
You can merge two smaller portions quicker and more completely than with large portions.
What NaCl NaCl concentration results when 249 mL 249 mL of a 0.850 M 0.850 M NaCl NaCl solution is mixed with 667 mL 667 mL of a 0.420 M 0.420 M NaCl NaCl solution?
Answer:
The answer to your question is 0.54M
Explanation:
Data
Final concentration = ?
Concentration 1 = 0.850 M
Volume 1 = 249 ml = 0.249 l
Concentration 2 = 0.420 M
Volume 2 = 0.667 M
Process
1.- Calculate the number of moles in both solutions
Number of moles 1 = Molarity 1 x Volume 1
= 0.850 x 0.249
= 0.212
Number of moles 2 = Molarity 2 x Volume 2
= 0.420 x 0.667
= 0.280
Total number of moles = 0.212 + 0.280
= 0.492
2.-Calculate the final volume
Final volume = Volume 1 + Volume 2
Final volume = 0.249 + 0.667
= 0.916 l
3.- Calculate Molarity
Molarity = 0.492 / 0.916
Molarity = 0.54
Seven times the smallest of three consecutive odd integers is 37 more than twice the largest. Find the integers.
Answer: the integers are 9,11 and 13
Explanation:Please see attachment for explanation
I'll reward brainliest to whoever can answer this question. :-)
Using the following diagram, determine which of the statements below is true:
The activation energy for the forward reaction is −60 J.
The overall energy change for the forward reaction is −20 J.
The activation energy for the reverse reaction is −80 J.
The overall energy change for the reverse reaction is −40 J.
Answer:
A B and C
Explanation:
using the clausius clapeyron equation determines the heat of vaporization from experimental measurements of vapor pressure. the vapor pressure of dichloromethane is measured as a function of temperature and the results are tabulated. determine the heat and vaporization of dichloromethane from the results
Temperature K Vapor pressure (torr)
255 11.3
265 21.0
275 36.8
285 61.5
295 99.0
300 123.8
The heat of vaporization of dichloromethane can be calculated using the Clausius-Clapeyron equation, which relates vapor pressure with temperature. By selecting two points from the given data and applying these values to the equation, one can solve for the enthalpy of vaporization.
Explanation:The process of determining the heat of vaporization of dichloromethane involves using the Clausius-Clapeyron equation, which establishes a relationship between vapor pressure and temperature. Given the experimental vapor pressure values at different temperatures, one can calculate the enthalpy of vaporization (ΔHvap). It requires selecting two points from the provided data, converting temperature values from Kelvin to Celsius if necessary (though temperatures are already given in Kelvin here), and applying them to the Clausius-Clapeyron equation:
ln(P2/P1) = (ΔHvap/R) * (1/T1 - 1/T2)
Where P1 and P2 are vapor pressures at temperatures T1 and T2 respectively, R is the universal gas constant, and ΔHvap is the heat of vaporization. By inputting two data points into this equation, we can solve for ΔHvap. This method is based on the assumption that the enthalpy of vaporization remains constant over the temperature range of interest.
Citrate synthase catalyzes the reaction: ????x????????o????c???????????????????? + ????c????????y???? − ????o???? → c???????????????????????? + H???? − ????o???? The standard free energy change for the reaction is −31.5 ???????? ∙ mo????−1. Calculate the equilibrium constant for this reaction at 37℃.
The given question is incomplete. The complete question is as follows.
Citrate synthase catalyzes the reaction
Oxaloacetate + acetyl-CoA [tex]\rightarrow[/tex] citrate + HS-CoA
The standard free energy change for the reaction is -31.5 kJ*mol^-1
( a) Calculate the equilibrium constant for this reaction a 37degrees C
Explanation:
(a). It is known that , relation between change in free energy ([tex]\Delta G[/tex]) of a reaction and equilibrium constant (K) is as follows.
[tex]\Delta G = -RT \times ln K[/tex]
where, T = temperature in Kelvin
The given data is as follows.
T = 310 K, [tex]\Delta G = -31.5 kJ /mol = -31500 J/mol[/tex] (as 1 kJ = 1000 J)
Now, putting the given values into the above formula as follows.
ln K = [tex]\frac{-(\Delta G)}{RT}[/tex]
= [tex]\frac{31500}{8.314 \times 310}[/tex]
ln K = 12.22
K = antilog (12.22)
= [tex]2.1 \times 10^{5}[/tex]
Therefore, we can conclude that value of equilibrium constant for the given reaction is [tex]2.1 \times 10^{5}[/tex].
A device that generates an electrical current by taking advantage of a difference in the spontaneous tendency of substances to lose and gain electrons is called an
A) electrochemical cell.B) electrolysis cell.C) electroplating cell.D) electrolyte cell.
Answer:
A. Electrochemical Cell
Explanation:
A laboratory procedure requires 4.67 g of a liquid whose density is 1.034 g/mL. What volume of liquid should be used for this procedure?
Answer:
4.51 mL of volume would required
Explanation:
Density is relation between mass and volume
D = mass / volume
If mass is 4.67 g, let's replace the data in the formula to find out the volume.
1.034 g/mL = 4.67 g / volume
Volume = 4.67 g / 1.034 g/mL → 4.51 mL
To find the volume of the liquid needed for the procedure, divide the mass (4.67 g) by the density (1.034 g/mL) to get approximately 4.52 mL.
Explanation:To determine the volume of a liquid needed given its mass and density, we can use the formula: Volume = Mass / Density. Using the provided values, the density of the liquid is 1.034 g/mL, and the mass required for the procedure is 4.67 g. The volume can be calculated by dividing the mass by the density.
Volume = 4.67 g / 1.034 g/mL = 4.5153 mL
Therefore, the volume of the liquid that should be used for this procedure is approximately 4.52 mL, rounding to two decimal places to match the precision of the given mass.
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Questions 3,4,5
Brainlist
Answer:
3. 126.02 g of H₂S and 1109.2 g of NaI
4. 364.5g of Mg
5. 361.08 g of MgSO₄ and 108 g of H₂O
Explanation:
3. This is the reaction
2HI + Na₂S → H₂S + 2NaI
7.4 moles of HI react, so, ratio is 2:1 with H₂S and 2:2 with NaI
We would produce the same moles of NaI, 7.4 moles and the half of moles, of H₂S (7.4 /2) = 3.7 moles
Let's convert the moles to mass (mol . molar mass)
3.7 mol H₂S . 34.06 g/mol = 126.02 g
7.4 mol NaI . 149.9 g/mol = 1109.2 g
4. The balanced reaction is this:
3Mg + N₂ → Mg₃N₂
Ratio is 1:3. Therefore 1 mol of Mg₃N₂ were produced by 3 moles of Mg.
So, 5 moles of Mg₃N₂ would have been produced by 15 moles of Mg. (5 .3)
Let's convert the moles to mass (moles . molar mass)
15 mol . 24.30 g/mol = 364.5 g
5. The reaction is: H₂SO₄ + Mg(OH)₂ → MgSO₄ + 2H₂O
Ratios are 1:1 and 1:2, between sulfuric acid and the products.
If I have 3 moles of acid, I would produce 3 moles of magnessium sulfate and 6 moles of water (3 .2)
Let's convert the moles to mass
3 mol . 120.36 g/mol = 361.08 g of MgSO₄
6 mol . 18 g/mol = 108 g of H₂O
A compound that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction without being used up itself is a(n):_____.
a) catalyst.
b) oxidizing agent.
c) reducing agent.
d) antioxidant.
Answer:
The answer to your question is a) catalyst
Explanation:
a) Catalyst. A catalyst is a substance that speeds up a reaction but it is not consumed by the reaction.
b) Oxidizing agent. It is a substance that reduces and can oxidize other substances.
c) Reducing agent. It is a substance that oxidizes and can reduce other substances.
d) Antioxidant. It is a substance that prevent substances from oxidation.
How many moles of Na₂CO₃ required to create 9.54 liters of a 3.4 M solution
please show your work
Answer:
The answer to your question is 32.44 moles
Explanation:
Data
moles of Na₂CO₃ = ?
volume = 9.54 l
concentration = 3.4 M
Formula
Molarity = [tex]\frac{number of moles}{volume}[/tex]
Solve for number of moles
number of moles = Molarity x volume
Substitution
Number of moles = (3.4)( 9.54)
Simplification
Number of moles = 32.44
Answer: 32.4 moles Na2CO3
Explanation: Molarity is moles of solute per unit Liter of solution
M= n/L
To solve for moles (n) we derive the equation:
n = M x L
= 3.4 M x 9.54 L
= 32.4 moles Na2CO3
Plastic wrap becomes electrically charged when pulled from its box. As a result, it is attracted to objects such as food containers. Does the wrap stick better to plastic containers or to metal containers? Discuss.
Explanation:
It sticks better to the plastic containers. We know that plastic is one among the good insulator, Hence as soon as the charged plastic wrap makes contact with the box, the charges will remain relatively fixed in particular location. Which will subsequently maintain the electrical attraction. When charged plastic wrap comes in contact with the metal, on the other hand, the charged plastic wrap will discharge through the metal since metal is a good conductor, causing it to lose its electrical properties.
Isotopes of the same element have different _______________________. A. atomic number B. number of electrons C. number of neutrons D. number of protons
Answer:
C. number of neutrons
Explanation:
Isotopes -
For some elements , there are various forms possible , which have different number of neutron , are referred to as the isotopes .
The isotope of a specific element have same number of protons , they only alters in the number of neutrons.
Hence , from the question,
The correct option for the given information is C. number of neutrons .
Answer: C. Number of neutrons
Explanation: Since it indicates the exact same element so the number of protons must be the same as it represents the atomic number. Isotopes of the exact element have an altered number of neutrons on its nucleus.
Aqueous hydrochloric acid (HCl) reacts with solid sodium hydroxide (NaOH) to produce aqueous sodium chloride (NaCl) and liquid water (H2O) . If 9.17g of water is produced from the reaction of 21.1g of hydrochloric acid and 43.6 of sodium hydroxide, calculate the percent yield of water.
Be sure your answer has the correct number of significant digits in it.
The percent yield of water in the chemical reaction involving hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide, given that we start with 21.1g of hydrochloric acid and 43.6g of sodium hydroxide and end up with 9.17g of water, is 88.2%
Explanation:The question pertains to a chemical reaction involving hydrochloric acid (HCl) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) yielding sodium chloride (NaCl) and water (H2O). In this reaction, given that we produce 9.17g of water from 21.1g of hydrochloric acid and 43.6g of sodium hydroxide, we are asked to calculate the percent yield of water.
To calculate percent yield, you must first determine the theoretical yield based on the stoichiometry of the chemical equation. In this case, the equation is balanced such that one mole of HCl reacts with one mole of NaOH to produce one mole of H2O. Given the molar masses of HCl (36.46 g/mol), H2O (18.02 g/mol), the theoretical yield of H2O is (21.1g HCl * 1 mol H2O/36.46g HCl) = 0.578 mol H2O = 10.4g H2O.
Second, divide the actual yield (9.17g water) by the theoretical yield (10.4g water) and multiply by 100 to get the percent yield: (9.17/10.4) * 100 = 88.173%, or rounded to three significant figures, 88.2%
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To calculate the percent yield of water in the reaction between hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide, we must determine the theoretical yield based on stoichiometry and compare it to the actual yield of 9.17g of water using the formula Percent Yield = (Actual Yield / Theoretical Yield) x 100%.
The reaction between aqueous hydrochloric acid (HCl) and solid sodium hydroxide (NaOH) to produce aqueous sodium chloride (NaCl) and liquid water (H2O) is a typical acid-base neutralization reaction. This is represented by the balanced chemical equation:
HCl(aq) + NaOH(s) → NaCl(aq) + H2O(l)
To calculate the percent yield of water in this reaction, we first need to determine the theoretical yield. The theoretical yield is the amount of product that should be produced if the reaction goes to completion with no losses. We can calculate the theoretical yield using the molar masses of the reactants and the stoichiometry of the balanced chemical equation. Once we have the theoretical yield, we can compare it to the actual yield (9.17g of water) to find the percent yield using the following formula:
Percent Yield = (Actual Yield / Theoretical Yield) x 100%
We'll consider the balanced equation and note that the stoichiometry is one-to-one for hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide to water. We'll then use the molar masses to convert the mass of each reactant to moles, and then identify the limiting reactant - the reactant that will be completely consumed first and thus determine the maximum amount of product that can be formed.
Given that 21.1g of hydrochloric acid (molar mass = 36.46 g/mol) and 43.6g of sodium hydroxide (molar mass = 40.00 g/mol) are reacting, calculations will show which one is the limiting reactant. After identifying the limiting reactant, we can find the theoretical yield of water and then the percent yield.
Read the following descriptions of the element zinc and indicate which are physical properties and which are chemical properties. Drag the items into the appropriate bins. Reset Help Zinc has a hardness on the Mohs scale of 2.5 and a density of 7.13 g/cm3 at 25 C. Zinc melts at 420 C. When zinc granules are added to dilute sulfuric acid, hydrogen is given off and the metal dissolves.It reacts slowly with oxygen gas at elevated temperatures to form zinc oxide, ZnO. Physical properties Chemical properties
Explanation:
A property that does not bring any change in chemical composition of a substance are known as physical properties.
For example, shape, size, mass, volume, density, hardness etc of a substance are all physical properties.
On the other hand, a property that changes chemical composition of a substance is known as chemical property.
For example, precipitation, reactivity, toxicity etc are chemical property.
Therefore, given descriptions are separated according to their physical and chemical properties as follows.
Physical properties:
Zinc has a hardness on the Mohs scale of 2.5 and a density of 7.13 g/cm3 at [tex]25^{o}C[/tex].Zinc melts at [tex]420^{o}C[/tex].Chemical properties:
When zinc granules are added to dilute sulfuric acid, hydrogen is given off and the metal dissolves.It reacts slowly with oxygen gas at elevated temperatures to form zinc oxide, ZnO.Zinc's physical properties include hardness on the Mohs scale, density at a certain temperature, and melting point. Its chemical properties include its reaction with sulfuric acid to release hydrogen and dissolve, and its ability to react with oxygen to form zinc oxide.
Explanation:The descriptions of zinc can be categorized into physical properties and chemical properties. Physical properties are characteristics that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance. For zinc, the physical properties include its hardness on the Mohs scale (2.5), its density (7.13 g/cm³ at 25°C), and its melting point (420°C).
On the other hand, chemical properties can only be observed during a chemical reaction, changing the substance's identity. For zinc, the chemical properties include its reactivity with sulfuric acid, which releases hydrogen and dissolves the metal, and its reaction with oxygen gas at elevated temperatures to form zinc oxide (ZnO).
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Five different substances are given to you to be dissolved in water. Which substances are most likely to undergo dissolution in water?a) octane.b) potassium bromide. c) sodium bromide. d) lithium chloride. e) heptane.
Answer:
b) c) and d)
Explanation:
a) octane. Organic, does not mix with water or form aqueous solution in water insoluble in water
b) potassium bromide. Easily mixes with water soluble in water
c) sodium bromide. Easily mixes with water soluble in water
d) lithium chloride. Easily mixes with water soluble in water
e) heptane. Organic, does not mix with water or form aqueous solution in water insoluble in water
A 3.57 kg particle is located on the x-axis at xm = −8 m, and a 5.45 kg particle is on the x-axis at xM = 2.22 m. Find the coordinate of the center of mass of this two-particle system. Answer in units of m
Answer:
The coordinate of the center of mass of this two-particle system is (-1.82 m,0).
Explanation:
Center of mass for n mases of system:
[tex]C.O.M=\frac{m_1x_1+m_2x_2......m_nx_n}{m_1+m_2...m_n}[/tex]
We have :Two-particle system.
On x-axis ,mass of object m = [tex]m_x=-8m[/tex]
m = 3.57 kg
Mass of object M = [tex]x_M=2.22 m[/tex]
M = 5.45 kg
[tex]C.O.M=\frac{mx_m+Mx_M}{m+M}[/tex]
[tex]=\frac{3.57 kg\times (-8 m)+5.45kg\times 2.22}{3.57 kg+5.45 kg}[/tex]
[tex]=-1.82 m[/tex]
The coordinate of the center of mass of this two-particle system is (-1.82 m,0).
The coordinate of the center of mass of this two-particle system is [tex]{-1.7054545454545455 \text{ m}}.[/tex]
To find the coordinate of the center of mass (COM) for a two-particle system, we use the formula:
[tex]\[ x_{COM} = \frac{m_1 \cdot x_1 + m_2 \cdot x_2}{m_1 + m_2} \][/tex]
Given:
- [tex]\( m_1 = 3.57 \text{ kg} \) and \( x_1 = -8 \text{ m} \)[/tex]
- [tex]\( m_2 = 5.45 \text{ kg} \) and \( x_2 = 2.22 \text{ m} \)[/tex]
Plugging these values into the formula for the center of mass, we get:
[tex]\[ x_{COM} = \frac{3.57 \text{ kg} \cdot (-8 \text{ m}) + 5.45 \text{ kg} \cdot 2.22 \text{ m}}{3.57 \text{ kg} + 5.45 \text{ kg}} \] \[ x_{COM} = \frac{-28.56 \text{ kg} \cdot \text{m} + 12.109 \text{ kg} \cdot \text{m}}{9.02 \text{ kg}} \] \[ x_{COM} = \frac{-28.56 + 12.109}{9.02} \] \[ x_{COM} = \frac{-16.451}{9.02} \] \[ x_{COM} = -1.824545454545454 \][/tex]
Rounding to the same number of decimal places as given in the question for the positions [tex]\( x_1 \)[/tex] and [tex]\( x_2 \)[/tex], we have:
[tex]\[ x_{COM} \approx -1.7054545454545455 \text{ m} \][/tex]
Therefore, the coordinate of the center of mass of this two-particle system is [tex]{-1.7054545454545455 \text{ m}}.[/tex]
1) If 0.193 grams of toluene is dissolved in 2.532 grams of p-xylene, what is the molality of toluene in the solution?2) If a freezing point depression of 3.57°Celcius is measured for the solution described in question 1, calculate [tex]K_f[/tex] for p-xylene.3) Suppose you dissolved 0.123 gram of pentane in 2.493 grams of p-xylene and measured a freezing point depression of 2.88°celcius for the solution. Calculate the molar mass of pentane using this data and the value for [tex]K_f[/tex] that you calculated in question 2.
Answer:
The value of [tex]K_f[/tex] for xylene is 4.309°C/m.
The molar mass of pentane using this data is 73.82 g/mol.
Explanation:
[tex]\Delta T_f=K_f\times \frac{\text{Amount of solute}}{\text{Molar mass of solute}\times \text{Mass of solvent(kg)}}[/tex]
where,
[tex]\Delta T_f[/tex] =depression in freezing point
[tex]K_f[/tex] = freezing point constant
we have :
1) freezing point constant for xylene = [tex]K_f[/tex] =?
Mass of toluene = 0.193 g
Mass of xylene = 2.532 kg = 0.002532 kg ( 1 g =0.001 kg)
[tex]\Delta T_f=3.57^oC[/tex]
[tex]3.57^oC=K_f\times \frac{0.193 g}{92 g/mol\times 0.002532 kg}[/tex]
[tex]K_f=4.309^oC/m[/tex]
The value of [tex]K_f[/tex] for xylene is 4.309°C/m.
2)
Mass of pentane = 0.123 g
molar mass of pentame= M
Mass of xylene = 2.493 g = 0.002493 kg
Freezing point Constant of xylene = [tex]K_f=4.309^oC/m[/tex]
[tex]2.88^oC=4.309^oC/m\times \frac{0.123g}{M\times 0.002493 kg}[/tex]
M = 73.82 g/mol
The molar mass of pentane using this data is 73.82 g/mol.
Suppose of zinc chloride is dissolved in of a aqueous solution of ammonium sulfate. Calculate the final molarity of zinc cation in the solution. You can assume the volume of the solution doesn't change when the zinc chloride is dissolved in it. Round your answer to significant digits.
The question is incomplete, here is the complete question:
Suppose 0.829 g of zinc chloride is dissolved in 100. mL of a 0.60 M aqueous solution of potassium carbonate. Calculate the final molarity of chloride anion in the solution. You can assume the volume of the solution doesn't change when the zinc chloride is dissolved in it. Round your answer to 2 significant digits.
Answer: The final molarity of chloride ion in the solution is 0.12 M
Explanation:
To calculate the number of moles for given molarity, we use the equation:
[tex]\text{Molarity of the solution}=\frac{\text{Moles of solute}\times 1000}{\text{Volume of solution (in mL)}}[/tex] .....(1)
For potassium carbonate:Molarity of potassium carbonate solution = 0.60 M
Volume of solution = 100. mL
Putting values in equation 1, we get:
[tex]0.60M=\frac{\text{Moles of potassium carbonate}\times 1000}{100}\\\\\text{Moles of potassium carbonate}=\frac{(0.60\times 100)}{1000}=0.06mol[/tex]
For zinc chloride:To calculate the number of moles, we use the equation:
[tex]\text{Number of moles}=\frac{\text{Given mass}}{\text{Molar mass}}[/tex]
Given mass of zinc chloride = 0.829 g
Molar mass of zinc chloride = 136.3 g/mol
Putting values in above equation, we get:
[tex]\text{Moles of zinc chloride}=\frac{0.829g}{136.3g/mol}=0.0061mol[/tex]
The chemical equation for the reaction of potassium carbonate and zinc chloride follows:
[tex]ZnCl_2+K_2CO_3\rightarrow ZnCO_3+2K^+(aq.)+2Cl^-(aq.)[/tex]
By stoichiometry of the reaction:
1 mole of zinc chloride reacts with 1 mole of potassium carbonate
So, 0.0061 moles of zinc chloride will react with = [tex]\frac{1}{1}\times 0.0061=0.0061mol[/tex] of potassium carbonate
As, given amount of potassium carbonate is more than the required amount. So, it is considered as an excess reagent.
Thus, zinc chloride is considered as a limiting reagent because it limits the formation of product.
By Stoichiometry of the reaction:
1 mole of zinc chloride produces 2 moles of chloride ion
So, 0.0061 moles of zinc chloride will produce = [tex]\frac{2}{1}\times 0.0061=0.0122mol[/tex] of acetate ion
Now, calculating the molarity of chloride ions in the solution by using equation 1:
Moles of chloride ion = 0.0122 moles
Volume of solution = 100. mL
Putting values in equation 1, we get:
[tex]\text{Molarity of chloride ions}=\frac{0.0122\times 1000}{100}\\\\\text{Molarity of chloride ions}=0.12M[/tex]
Hence, the final molarity of chloride ion in the solution is 0.12 M
The problem can be solved by converting the mass of zinc chloride into moles and then using the concept of molarity, which is defined as moles of solute per litre of solution. Calculating the molarity of the zinc ions involves dividing the calculated moles by the volume of the solution.
Explanation:This problem can be solved using the concept of molarity, by which the concentration of a solution is determined. Molarity (M) is defined as moles of solute divided by liters of solution. As you've mentioned the mass of zinc chloride, the first step is to convert the mass of zinc chloride into moles. Zinc chloride (ZnCl2) has a molar mass of approximately 136.29 g/mol. Hence, moles of ZnCl2 = mass/molar mass. Calculating the moles gives us the moles of zinc ions, as each mole of ZnCl2 provides one mole of Zn2+ ions. After finding the moles of Zn, we find the molarity by dividing the moles of Zn by the volume of the solution in liters.
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Cu + Al2O3à Al + CuOFor this unbalanced chemical equation, what is the coefficient for aluminum oxide (Al2O3) when the equation is balanced?
Answer:
The coefficient of Al2O3 is 1
Explanation:
Step 1: Data given
The unbalanced equation: Cu + Al2O3 → Al + CuO
Step 2: Balancing the equation
On the left side we have 2x Al (in Al2O3) on the right side we have 1x Al. To balance the amount of Al, we have to multiply Al on the right side by 2
Cu + Al2O3 → 2Al + CuO
On the left side we have 3x O (in Al2O3), on the right side we have 1x O (in CuO). To balance the amount of O, we have to multiply CuO on the right side, by 3
Cu + Al2O3 → 2Al + 3CuO
On the right side we have 3x Cu (in 3CuO), on the left side we have 1x Cu. To balance the amount of Cu on both sides, we have to multiply Cu (on the left side) by 3.
Now the equation is balanced.
3Cu + Al2O3 → 2Al + 3CuO
The coefficient of Al2O3 is 1
When solid NH₄HS and 0.400 mol NH₃(g) were placed in a vessel of volume 2.0 L at 24°C, the equilibrium [tex]NH_4HS(s) \rightarrow NH_3(g) + H_2S(g)[/tex], for which [tex]K_c = 1.6 x 10^{24}[/tex], was reached. What are the equilibrium concentrations of NH₃ and H₂S?
Final answer:
At equilibrium for the reaction NH₄HS(s) ⇌ NH₃(g) + H₂S(g) with Kc = 1.6 x 10²⁴, nearly all NH₄HS solid reacts, and the equilibrium concentrations of NH₃(g) and H₂S(g) in the vessel are both approximately 0.200 M.
Explanation:
When solid NH₄HS and 0.400 mol NH₃(g) are placed in a 2.0L vessel at 24°C, the system reaches equilibrium with the reaction NH₄HS(s) ⇌ NH₃(g) + H₂S(g), where Kc = 1.6 x 10²⁴.
Since solids do not appear in the equilibrium constant expression, we only consider the gaseous substances. Given the very large Kc, we can assume that the reaction strongly favors the products, meaning NH₃ and H₂S will be formed until NH₄HS is almost entirely consumed.
To determine the equilibrium concentrations, let's designate 'x' as the amount of NH₄HS that dissociates into NH₃ and H2S. At equilibrium, the concentration of NH₃ will be (0.400 - x) / 2.0 and of H2S it will be x / 2.0. The Kc expression is [NH₃][H₂S] = 1.6 x 1024. When we 'solve for x,' we find that x is essentially 0.400 mol, meaning nearly all added NH3 will convert to H2S. Thus, the equilibrium concentrations are both approximately 0.200 M, as the NH₄HS solid is limiting. Detailed calculations would require quadratic equation solving due to the high Kc, but the approximate values are suitable given the high Kc value.
The atomic number of nitrogen is 7. Nitrogen-15 has a greater mass number than nitrogen-14 because the atomic nucleus of nitrogen-15 contains ________.
Answer:8 neutrons
Explanation:
The nucleus of an atom houses the proton number (atomic number) and neutron which sums up to give the mass number of the atom... Nitrogen 14 will yield 7 neutrons with mass number 14 while nitrogen 15 give 8 neutrons with mass number of 15 gram per mole
The atomic nucleus of nitrogen-15 contains more neutrons than nitrogen-14, which results in a greater mass number.
Explanation:Nitrogen-15 has a greater mass number than nitrogen-14 because the atomic nucleus of nitrogen-15 contains more neutrons.
The atomic number of nitrogen is 7, which means it has 7 protons in its nucleus. Nitrogen-14 has a mass number of 14, which indicates the total number of protons and neutrons in its nucleus. Nitrogen-15 has a mass number of 15, indicating that it has an extra neutron compared to nitrogen-14. Therefore, the atomic nucleus of nitrogen-15 contains 8 neutrons.
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Balance the following equations:
1. __N2+__F2-->__NF3
2. __C6H10+__O2-->__CO2+__H2O
3. __HBr+__KHCO3-->__H2O+__KBr+__CO2
4. __GaBr3+__Na2SO3-->__Ga2(SO3)3+__NaBr
5. __SnO+__NF3-->SnF2+N2O3
Explanation:
I won't give you the answers. It won't help you in the long run. Instead, let's look at it logically:
You have two of something and you're gonna turn it into something else. That thing doesn't just disappear, it has to stay there. You can't act as if there's only one of them in the end result, that doesn't make sense.
Balancing chemical equations is about finding the ratios at which things occur. In the first example,
N2 + F2 -> NF3
You have two N on the left, one on the right. Better double the one on the right so you have equal amounts.
N2 + F2 -> 2NF3
Now, since there are two Ns on each side, there must be 6 Fs on the right (2×3). You only have 2 on the left side, so the next question is: how do I get from 2 to 6?
Simple! Multiply by 3:
N2 + 3F2 -> 2NF3
Let's check left side vs right side to see if we're right:
Left:
2 N
6 F (3×2)
Right:
2 N
6 F (2×3)
Left side = Right side, so that's the right answer.
Don't let questions like these stress you out. Just balance out the numbers so that there's the same amount of stuff on each side.
Write the Lewis structure for the product that forms when boron trifluoride combines with ammonia. Remember to show all non-zero formal charges and all lone pairs of electrons.
Answer:
To draw or sketch a Lewis structure, formula or diagram, the chemical formula of the compound is essential. Without it you can not even know what are the atoms that make it up, in our case it is the one observed in the reaction shown:
[tex]BF_{3}[/tex] + [tex]:NH_{3}[/tex] ⇒ F3[tex]F_{3} BNH_{3}[/tex]
In the structure obtained (see the Lewis structure in the drawing) the black dots correspond to the electrons of the non-shared pairs. Because hydrogen has a single electron and a single orbital available to fill, it forms only a covalent bond represented by a long dash. The same goes for boron and fluorine but in this case the fluorine has pairs of free electrons.
Explanation:
Lewis's structure is all that representation of covalent bonds within a molecule or an ion. In it, said bonds and electrons are represented by long dots or dashes, although most of the times the dots correspond to non-shared electrons and dashes to covalent bonds.
All existing compounds can be represented by Lewis structures, giving a first approximation of how the molecule or ions could be.
The boiling point of ethanol is 78 °C. The molar heat(i.e., enthalpy)of vaporization of ethanol is 38.6 x 103J/mol. What is the molar entropyof vaporization of ethanol?
Answer:
109.97JK-1
Explanation:
Entropy is the degree of disorderliness of a substance. It is given by ∆H/T where T is the absolute temperature in Kelvin.
Given ∆H= 38.6*10^3
T=78°C+ 273=351K
∆S=38.6*10^3/351=109.97JK-1 as shown the diagram.
Hydrogen iodide decomposes as 2Hl ----> H2 + I2. The average reaction rate is expressed as: Average rate - delta[HI]/delta, The negative sign used in the rate expression indicates that: a) There are repulsive forces between the reactants. b) The concentration of Hl decreases with time. c) The concentration of the reactants is less than that of the product d)) The reaction rate is decreasing with time
Answer: Option C. The concentration of the reactants is less than that of the product d
Explanation:
In terms of what occurs at the particulate level, explain how the temperature of the water increases after the alloy sample is added.
The temperature of the water increases when an alloy is added due to heat transfer from the hot alloy to the cooler water, causing water particles' kinetic energy to increase. Also, water has a higher specific heat than metals, so it absorbs more heat, further increasing its temperature. Both the higher kinetic energy and absorption of heat contribute to the rise in water temperature.
Explanation:The increase in the temperature of water when an alloy is added can be understood in the context of the heat transfer process and changes in particle motion. At the particulate level, when the alloy sample is added to the water, there is a transfer of thermal energy from the alloy which is at a high temperature, to the water, which has a lower temperature. This takes place until both the water and the alloy reach equilibrium temperatures.
The heat transfer process causes the particles of water to start vibrating rapidly, thereby increasing their average kinetic energy. This increase in kinetic energy of the water particles manifests as an increase in its temperature. This occurrence is based on the principle that an increase in thermal energy in a sample of matter, with no phase change or chemical reaction involved, will result in an increase in its temperature.
Specific heat plays a significant role in this process. Water has a higher specific heat than most metals. This means it takes more energy to increase the temperature of water than it does to increase the temperature of the alloy. Therefore, when an alloy (or any object with low specific heat) at high temperature is added to water, the water absorbs more heat, which leads to an increase in temperature.
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The temperature of the water increases after the alloy sample is added due to the transfer of kinetic energy from the atoms in the alloy to the water molecules.
When the alloy sample is added to the water, the alloy is typically at a higher temperature than the water. At the particulate level, this means that the atoms within the alloy are moving with greater kinetic energy than the water molecules. The kinetic energy of particles is directly related to temperature; higher kinetic energy corresponds to a higher temperature.
As the alloy and water systems come into contact, collisions occur between the energetic alloy atoms and the less energetic water molecules. During these collisions, kinetic energy is transferred from the alloy atoms to the water molecules. This energy transfer results in an increase in the average kinetic energy of the water molecules, which manifests as an increase in the water's temperature.
This process continues until thermal equilibrium is reached, meaning that the alloy and the water reach the same temperature. At this point, the average kinetic energy of the alloy atoms and the water molecules is equalized, and there is no further net transfer of energy between the two. The overall effect is that the water's temperature has risen to a value between its initial temperature and the initial temperature of the alloy.
In the reaction, Zn(s) + 2 HCl(aq) --> ZnCl2 (aq)+ H2(g), 25 grams of Zn are reacted with 17.5 g of HCl. How many grams of H2 will be produced?
Answer:
0.480 g of H₂ are produced, in the reaction.
Explanation:
This is the reaction:
Zn(s) + 2HCl → ZnCl₂ (aq) + H₂ (g)
We havethe mass of both reactants, so we must work with them to find out the limiting reactant and then, determine the amount of H₂ produced.
Let's convert the mass to moles ( mass / molar mass)
25 g / 65.41 g/mol = 0.382 moles Zn
17.5 g / 36.45 g/mol = 0.480 moles HCl
Ratio is 1:2, so 1 mol of Zn react with the double of moles of HCl.
0.382 moles of Zn would need the double of moles to react, so (0.382 .2) = 0.764 moles of HCl. → We only have 0.480 moles, so the acid is the limiting.
Now let's determine the moles of H₂ formed.
Ratio is 2:1, so If i take account the moles I have, I will produce the half of moles of my product.
0.480 moles / 2 = 0.240 moles of H₂ are produced.
To find out the mass, we must multiply mol . molar mass
0.240 mol . 2g/mol = 0.480 g
Solutions with a higher concentration of solutes than the concentration inside the cell are: Solutions with a higher concentration of solutes than the concentration inside the cell are:
a. hypertonic.
b. isotonic.
c. hyperosmotic.
d. hypotonic.
Hypertonic solutions have a higher solute concentration outside the cell than inside, causing water to move out of the cell and potentially causing the cell to shrink.
Solutions with a higher concentration of solutes than the concentration inside the cell are known as hypertonic solutions. The term hypertonic refers to having a greater concentration of solutes in the solution compared to the concentration inside the cell. When placed in such a solution, the net flow of water will be out of the cell, as water moves from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration to achieve equilibrium. This can cause cells to shrink as they lose water. In contrast, isotonic solutions have the same solute concentration as the cell, while hypotonic solutions have a lower solute concentration, leading to water moving into the cell, which can cause it to swell and potentially burst.