Answer:
Option 1: Finds the position of the largest value in a
Explanation:
Given the codes as follows:
int[] a = {6, 1, 9, 5, 12, 3}; int len = a.length; int x = 0; for (int i = 1; i < len; i++) { if (a[i] > a[x]) x = i; } System.out.println(x);The code is intended to find a largest value in the array, a. The logic is as follows:
Define a variable to hold an index where largest value positioned. At the first beginning, just presume the largest value is held at index zero, x = 0. (Line 3) Next, compare the value location in next index. If the value in the next index is larger, update the index-x to the next index value (Line 4 - 8). Please note the for-loop traverse the array starting from index 1. This is to enable the index-1 value can be compared with index-0 and then followed with index-2, index-3 etc. After completion of the for-loop, the final x value will be the index where the largest value is positioned.Print the position of the largest value (Line 10)Which of the following class definitions is correct in Java?(i)public class Student{private String name;private double gpa;private int id;public void Student(){name = "";gpa = 0;id = 0;}public void Student(String s, double g, int i){set(s, g, i);}public void set(String s, double g, int i){name = s;gpa = g;id = i;}public void print(){System.out.println(name + " " + id + " " + gpa);}}(ii)public class Student{private String name;private double gpa;private int id;public Student(){name = "";gpa = 0;id = 0;}public Student(String s, double g, int i){set(s, g, i);}public void set(String s, double g, int i){name = s;gpa = g;id = i;}public void print(){System.out.println(name + " " + id + " " + gpa);}}1. Both (i) and (ii)2. None of these3. Only (ii)4. Only (i)
Answer:
The answer is "Option 3".
Explanation:
In the given question the code (ii) is correct because in the class definition class "Student" defines a constructor that does not use any return type. and code (i) class definition the class "Student" defines a constructor that uses return type void which is not allowed in the constructor. and other options are not correct that can be described as follows:
In option 1, only code (ii) is correct.In option 2, code (ii) is correct that's why it is not correct. In option 4, it is not correct, because it uses void return type.
Modify the function to return true if the given decimal is even when it is rounded to the nearest integer, and false otherwise 1 function isRoundedNumberEven(decimal) t 5 * Do not modify code below this line 6 7 console.log(İsRoundedNumberEven(2.2),'<-- console.logCisRoundedNumberEven(2.8), should should be be true'); false;
Answer:
The function solution is in JavaScript
Explanation:
function isRoundedNumberEven(decimal) {
return Math.round(decimal) % 2 === 0;
/* the modulus 2 operation is used for numbers divisible by 2 */
/* This indicates even numbers */
}
console.log(isRoundedNumberEven(2.2));
console.log(isRoundedNumberEven(2.8));
A system administrator suspects that there is an error in the replication configuration. How can the system administrator look for specific error messages related to replication?
A. By using the Active Directory Sites and Services administrative tool
B. By using the Computer Management tool
C. By going to Event Viewer > System Log
D. By going to Event Viewer > Directory Service Log
Answer:
Option D i.e., By going to Event Viewer > Directory Service Log is the correct option.
Explanation:
The following option is not false because the admin of the system assumes that there is the occurrence of the particular error message related to the replication, the main reason behind this is that the administrator firstly go the Event Viewer then, he go to the Directory Service Log. After that, a particular error message appears in the replication configuration.
1. Please write the following code in Python 3.2. Please also show all outputs.Create a dictionary named letter_counts that contains each letter and the number of times it occurs in string1. Challenge: Letters should not be counted separately as upper-case and lower-case. Intead, all of them should be counted as lower-case.string1 = "There is a tide in the affairs of men, Which taken at the flood, leads on to fortune. Omitted, all the voyage of their life is bound in shallows and in miseries. On such a full sea are we now afloat. And we must take the current when it serves, or lose our ventures."
Answer:
string1="There is a tide in the affairs of men, Which taken at the flood, leads on to fortune. Omitted, all the voyage of their life is bound in shallows and in miseries. On such a full sea are we now afloat. And we must take the current when it serves, or lose our ventures."
string1=string1.lower() #covert whole string to lowercase
letter_counts={}
for ch in string1:
letter_counts[ch]=letter_counts.get(ch,0)+1 #updates counter for each letter
letter_counts['o']
OUTPUT :
17
Explanation:
lower() is used to change the string to lowercase characters so that uppercase and lowercase is not differentiated for the same letter. After that, letter_counts is declared as a dictionary which is empty. for loop is used in which every letter of string will be stored ch variable. Dictionary in python has a get method in which 2 arguments can be passed, first one is the key whose value to be retrieved and the other argument would be default value to be set if not found and ch in string1 will increment the value of key ch in letter_counts.
Person-name: String+setName(String name): void+getName(): String^Student-studentID: long+Student(String sname, long sid)+setID(): longWhich of these fields or methods are inherited (and accessible) by the Student class?
1. getName(), setName(), name
2. name, getName(), setName(), getID()
3. studentID, name, getName(), setName(), getID()
4. getName(), setName(), toString()
5. None of them
6. getName(), setName(), studentID, getID()
Answer and Explanation:
Basically its answer is option 4 where getName(), setName().to String()
let us explained it through a program where get and set method has been used.
Create Student class that has marks and grade. Two parameters initialize data member using constructors .Each data member gives values and member function .Show the values of data member.
You can code it in turbo and Dev C++ tool .
# include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
class Student
{
private:
int marks;
String name;
char grade;
public:
Student ( int m , char g) //get method where it get student marks and grade
{ marks = m ;
grade = g;
}
public void set Name(String a) {
name = a;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
void set()
{
cout <<"Marks = " <<marks <<endl;
cout<<"Name=" <<name<<endl;
cout <<"Grade = "<< grade <<endl;
}
};
void main ()
{
clrscr();
Student s1(730,'A','ali') s2(621,'B','haider')
cout <<"Recording of student 1 "<<endl;
s1.set();
cout <<"Recording of Student 2:"<<endl;
s2.set();
getch();
}
for the above program you can see from
//{
cout <<"Marks = " <<marks <<endl;
cout<<"Name=" <<name<<endl;
cout <<"Grade = "<< grade <<endl;
}//
where name marks and grade are inherited from the class Student with get and set methods.But name is take into data type of string because string hold zero ,more letters , space and commas.So it is used to represent the text data.
A company purchased a high-quality color laser printer to print color brochures and sales proposals. The printer is connected to a marketing PC via USB and is configured as a shared local printer for use by the sales and marketing teams. The manager is concerned about the cost of consumables for the printer and does not want users to unintentionally print to the printer. What can be done to ensure that only authorized users can send print jobs to the printer?
Answer:
In order to ensure that only authorized users can send print jobs to the printer, the option of enabling the user authentication on shared printer can be used.
Explanation:
The manager can create user Id and password only for those people who have the permission to send the printer jobs to the printer. In this way, whenever a command is given to the printer, it will ask the user credentials before doing the printing job. If the person is unable to give the credentials then the printing will not start. Moreover, it will decrease the probability of the printing unintentionally so it will save the resources from wastage.What type of malicious software masquerades as legitimate software to entice the user to run it?
Answer:
Trojan horse
Explanation:
A Trojan horse is malicious software that masquerades as a legitimate computer program such as a video game, image file, utility program, or even an antivirus so as to entice the user to run it, thereby allowing an attackers (the developer of the malicious program) to gain access to the data on the computer in an illegal manner.
Which of the following is a best practice regarding the Administrator account?
A. This account should be used by the Administrator at all times, never his or her own account.
B. This account should be given a nondescript account name that cannot be easily guessed.
C. This account should be used only for low-level access to the network.
D. This account should be used only to run low-security applications.
Answer:
B. The account should be given a nondescript account name that cannot be easily guessed.
Problems with using a single Local Area Network (LAN) to interconnect devices on a premise include ______.
A. insufficient reliability, limited capacity, and inappropriate network interconnection devices
B. insufficient reliability, limited capacity, and limited distances
C. insufficient reliability, limited distances, and inappropriate network interconnection devices
D. limited distances, limited capacity, and inappropriate network interconnection devices
Answer:
A. insufficient reliability, limited capacity, and inappropriate network interconnection devices
Explanation:
LANs are unsecured and unreliable because they provide a way of another users to have access to others computers. They are also difficult to manage and access because the data they use is always shared between many different sources and this reduces the internet speed and limits the network capacity.
Discuss in 500 words, why institutions might be reluctant to move there IT to the cloud. Consider specific industries like education, medicine, military, etc.
Answer:
1. Performance and uptime: In mission critical IT systems like those in the military performance and uptime are so important that the institutions might be reluctant to surrender their local infrastructure for cloud based systems, even if the cloud systems advertise better performance than what the institution's deployment can boast of. Even many corporates are still worried about this aspect of cloud computing. It’s no secret that a fraction of a second on load time can lead to loss of customers.
2. Security: Along with loss of control, security is arguably the biggest concern many large organizations like the military, academic institutions and hospitals have. Can other customers access our data? Have all the security patches been kept up to date? These question create a reluctance to migrate to the cloud among executives and IT directors in these institutions.
3. Data Protection: Closely tied in with security, institutions are concerned about data protection. Many governments place strict data protection requirements on large companies and standards audit schemes such as ISO-9001 place additional restrictions on firms.
For example, the UK’s Data Protection Act requires that personal data not to be transferred to any country outside the EU, unless that country “ensures an adequate level of protection for the rights and freedoms of data subjects in relation to the processing of personal data.” Practically, that means it’s often easier for servers to be physically located in the EU for many European institutions.
4. Losing control: When systems go down, it’s invariably the IT Director who takes the blame, so it’s no surprise that they are nervous about handing over responsibility for infrastructure to somebody they don’t even know.
Traditionally, if a hard drive fails or a CPU overheats, it’s the IT department who get the 3am call to fix it. It’s up to them to order the replacement hardware, power down the machine and get it back into production as soon as possible.
Even if you’re renting space in a hosting centre and paying for support, chances are you are physically allowed into the building and have the peace of mind that comes from knowing that, if all else fails, you can go in and fix the hardware yourself.
By moving to cloud computing, the IT Director or CIO can feel like they’re handing over control to a 3rd-party. What happens if one of the drives goes or there’s a networking issue? Who decides what hardware to buy?
Which two security measures must an engineer follow then implementing Layer 2 and Layer 3 network design?
A.Utilize the native VLAN only on trunk ports to reduce the risk of an Double-Tagged 802.1q VLAN hopping attack
B.Utilize an access list to prevent the use of ARP to modify entries to the table
C.Utilize DHCP snooping on a per VLAN basis an apply ip dhcp snooping untrusted on all ports
D.Utilize the ARP inspection feature to help prevent the misuse of gARPE.Utilize private VLANs an ensure that all ports are part of the isolated port group
Answer:
A. Utilize the native VLAN only on trunk ports to reduce the risk of a Double-Tagged 802 1q VLAN hopping attack
C. Utilize DHCP snooping on a per VLAN basis an apply IP DHCP snooping entrusted on all ports.
D. Utilize the ARP inspection feature to help prevent the misuse of garpe Utilize private VLANs an ensure that all ports are part of the isolated port group.
Explanation:
We must configure the native VLAN only on trunk ports because in this way we are not to receive fake VLAN, and can steal information.
We can use DHCP snooping to configure trusted ports and entrusted ports, in this case, the trusted port can accept trust messages, only with those messages we can connect with the server.
We could ask the MAC address with ARP inspections, MAC address is unique value for a physical hardware in the world.
When admitting digital evidence at trial, the issue of ________ comes up when the evidence involves computer-generated records.
Answer:
When admitting digital evidence at trial, the issue of Authenticity comes up when the evidence involves computer-generated records.
Explanation:
The digital evidence such as video, audio or some pictures have been presented before court as evidence. The first question that may arise is related to "authenticity of the material". To authenticate that evidence court may order the forensic audit of that particular evidence.
So, the issue of authenticity of evidence will arise, in case of digital evidence.
To use the mail merge feature in Access, the first step is to start the Microsoft Word Mail Merge Wizard.
a. True
b. False
Answer:
A) True
Explanation:
While working with MS Access, the mail merge feature allows us to quickly pickup records from the database tables and insert them on Microsoft word documents such as letters/envelops and name tags before printing them. The main advantage of a mail merge is the time saved as the process of creating several mailings for different individual letters/envelops is made simple.
The first step in creating a mail merge is starting the Microsoft Word Mail Merge Wizard in MS Access which will guide you in the entire steps, some of these steps include:
1. Selecting the document you wish to work with
2. Switching to MS Word
3. Selecting the the size of the envelope .
4. Selecting the recipients records from the database table
5. Arranging and inserting records from the database (addresses on the envelope).
6. Review/Preview and Print
A penetration tester has been tasked with reconnaissance to determine which ports are open on the network. Which of the following tasks should be done FIRST? (Choose two)
A. Network scan
B. Banner grab
C. Tracert
D. DHCP server check
E. Brute-force attack
Network scan and banner grab are the following tasks should be done FIRST.
A. Network scan
B. Banner grab
Explanation:
The penetration tester has been assigned a task to determine which ports are open on the given network.
To kick start the process, the tester should give a network scan in order to gather information about the various elements of the network and their details.
To follow up, the tester should proceed with banner grab. Banner grabbing is the process through which he/she would gain information about a computer system on the network and services running on its open ports.
Fill in the blanks:
a. __________ is based on travelling datagrams through internetworks one hop at a time. The entire route is unknown at the beginning of the journey.
b. __________ is group-based communication. It can be one-to-many or many-to-many distribution.
c. The most important requirement of a _______ network is the ability to treat different data types differently.
d. _______ process transmits telephone calls (voice) over the internet. 2
e. _______ is the standard recommended by the ITU for low bit-rate voice transmission over the Internet.
f. ________ is an unencrypted message data.
Answer:
(a). IP routing.
(b). Multicasting.
(c). converged.
(d). VoIP.
(e). VoIP.
(f). Plain text.
Explanation:
Ip routing is the method of transfer data from the one destination to another destination and it also send data from host to host across the network.
Multicasting is the type of distribution from one host to many hosts and also many hosts to many of them, it is used for the Internet Protocol Routing protocol in which the data is distributed to many receivers.
VoIP is that type of routing through which folks can use the internet services as the transmission mode.
Final answer:
Packet switching is based on travelling datagrams one hop at a time through internetworks. Multicast is group-based communication. A QoS network treats different data types differently.
Explanation:
a. **Packet switching** is based on travelling datagrams through internetworks one hop at a time. The entire route is unknown at the beginning of the journey.
b. **Multicast** is group-based communication. It can be one-to-many or many-to-many distribution.
c. The most important requirement of a **Quality of Service (QoS)** network is the ability to treat different data types differently.
d. **VoIP (Voice over IP)** process transmits telephone calls (voice) over the internet.
e. **G.729** is the standard recommended by the ITU for low bit-rate voice transmission over the Internet.
f. **Clear text** is an unencrypted message data.
Under the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) Security Rule, what type of safeguards must be implemented by all covered entities, regardless of the circumstances?
a. Addressable
b. Standard
c. Security
d. Required
Answer:
D. Required
Explanation: The required safeguard must be implemented for all covered entities.
Consider the following class definition.public class Rectangle{private double length;private double width;public Rectangle(){length = 0;width = 0;}public Rectangle(double l, double w){length = l;width = w;}public void set(double l, double w){length = l;width = w;}public void print(){System.out.println(length + " " + width);}public double area(){return length * width;}public void perimeter(){return 2 length + 2 width;}}Suppose that you have the following declaration.Rectangle bigRect = new Rectangle();
Which of the following sets of statements are valid in Java?
(i) bigRect.set(10, 5);
(ii) bigRect.length = 10;bigRect.width = 5;
Answer:
The answer is "Option (i)".
Explanation:
In the given java code a class is defined that name is "Rectangle" inside a class two global private double datatype variable is defined that is "length and width". A default constructor is defined that contains the value of private variables. In the next line, a parameterized constructor and a set function is defined that contain the parameter values. Then three function is defined that is "print, area, and perimeter" in which print function prints value and area, perimeter function calculate values.
Option (i) is correct because it is the correct way to call the function. Option (ii) is incorrect because the private member does not accessible outside the class.
Which components can be added to a lightning app on custom object (choose 3 answers)A. Visualforce B. Standard Lightning component C. Custom lightning component D. global actions E. object specific actions on the custom object
Answer:
b. Standard Lightning component.
c. Custom Lightning component.
d. Global actions
These three components are best used in a ligthening app, for custom object i.e standard, Custom and Global Actions.
Adding Visualforce components to a Lightning Application is impossible, but one can add Lightning components into Visualforce pages.
This assignment is to code a simple hangman game. The game should choose a random word out of a list of words that are coded into the program and ask for guesses. You should include a total of 20 words, lengths ranging from 4 to 12 letters long . Each time a person guesses wrong, it should decrement the total number of guesses (5 incorrect guesses allowed, on the 6th incorrect guess the game ends with a loss). When the user guesses the word or if they lose, they have the option of playing again. The expected output should be text based.
Answer:
Programming language not stated.
I'll use python for this question
Explanation:
import random
# library that we use in order to choose
# on random words from a list of words
words = ['rain, 'computer', 'science', 'program, 'python', 'mathematics', 'player', 'condition','reverse', 'water', 'board', 'geeks','learn','school','days','scholar','collar','flood','house','flies']
# Function will choose one random word from this list of words
word = random.choice(words)
print("Guess the word")
guesses = ''"
# 5 turns
turns = 5
while turns > 0:
# counts the number of times a user fails
failed = 0
# all characters from the input word taking one at a time.
for char in word:
# comparing that character with the character in guesses
if char in guesses:
print(char)
else:
print("_")
# for every failure 1 will be incremented in failure
failed += 1
if failed == 0:
# user will win the game if failure is 0 and 'You Win' will be given as output
print("You Win")
# this print the correct word
print("The word is: ", word)
break
# if user has input the wrong alphabet then it will ask user to enter another alphabet
guess = input("guess a character:")
# every input character will be stored in guesses
guesses += guess
# check input with the character in word
if guess not in word:
turns -= 1
# if the character doesn’t match the word then “Wrong” will be given as output
print("Wrong")
# this will print the number of turns left for the user
print("You have", + turns, 'more guesses')
if turns == 0:
print("You Loose")
Suppose that you need to maintain a collection of data whose contents are fixed- i.e., you need to search for and retrieve existing items, but never need to add or delete items. Although the collection of data may be quite large, you may assume that it can fit in the computer's memory. Which of the following data structures is the most efficient one to use for this task?
a. a sorted array
b. a linked list
c. a binary search tree
d. a queue
e. they are all the same
Final answer:
A sorted array is the most efficient data structure for searching and retrieving existing items in a collection of fixed data.
Explanation:
The most efficient data structure to use for a collection of fixed data that needs efficient search and retrieval operations is a sorted array. A sorted array allows for fast search times using binary search, which has a time complexity of O(log n). This is because the elements in the array are sorted in a specific order, allowing for efficient comparisons.
In contrast, a linked list would require sequential traversal, resulting in a time complexity of O(n). A binary search tree can also provide efficient search times with a time complexity of O(log n), but it requires additional space for storing the tree structure.
A queue is not suitable for this task, as it is designed for adding and removing items, not for searching and retrieving existing items. Therefore, the most efficient data structure for this task is a sorted array.
The Universal Containers customer support organization has implemented Knowledge Centered Support (KCS) in the call center. However, the call center management thinks that agents are not contributing new knowledge articles as often as they should. What should the company do to address this situation? ( Select 2 )
A. Require agents to check a box on case when submitting a new suggested article
B. Create a dashboard for articles submitted by agents & approved for publication
C. Measure & reward agents based on the # of new articles submitted for approval
D. Measure & reward agents based on the # of new articles approved for publication
Answer:
B. Create a dashboard for articles submitted by agents and approved for publication.
C. Measure & reward agents based on the # of new articles submitted for approval.
Explanation:
A data dashboard is a tool that manages, visually traces, displays and measures success in meeting performance objectives. In this scenario, creating a dashboard will keep track of submitted and approved publication. This helps agents to determine the quality of their articles. It guarantees that the correct procedures and methodology are being pursued for article creation. This will increase productivity of the company and saves time as the staff would not have to spend a lot of time in making reports in Excel. As a matter of fact when agents view their key measurements on dashboard, they will instinctively start improving and contributing new knowledge articles. Measuring and rewarding agents on the basis of new articles submitted for approval is a way to encourage and motivate the agents in order to make them make contributions. As a result of this motivation they will work harder. Giving rewards as encouragement will also attract new agents.
Enter a formula in cell E4 to calculate how long each item has been on sale. This is calculated by subtracting the launch date in cell D4 from the Data Updated date in cell C20. To show the time in years, divide that result by 365. Use an absolute reference to the date in cell C20. Copy the formula from cell E4 to cells E5:E14.
In D4 is 3/17/2013
In C20 is 10/14/2016
Any help? I have no idea what function is needed for this.
Final answer:
In Excel, to calculate the time an item has been on sale, use the formula =($C$20-D4)/365 in cell E4 and copy it down to E5:E14. This formula subtracts the launch date from the Data Updated date and converts the result to years using an absolute reference for the Data Updated date.
Explanation:
To calculate how long each item has been on sale in an Excel spreadsheet, you would subtract the launch date in cell D4 from the Data Updated date in cell C20 and then divide by 365 to convert the difference to years. Since cell C20 should not change when you copy the formula, you need to use an absolute reference for this cell.
The formula in cell E4 will be =($C$20-D4)/365. This formula uses the absolute reference $C$20 to ensure that as you copy the formula from cell E4 to cells E5:E14, the reference to C20 remains constant.
After entering the formula in E4, you would then copy it down to the cells E5 through E14. The result will show you the time each item has been on sale in years.
Recall the problem of finding the number of inversions. As in the text, we are given a sequence of numbers a1, . . . , an, which we assume are all distinct, and we define an inversion to be a pair i < j such that aj < ai . We motivated the problem of counting inversions as a good measure of how different two orderings are. However, one might feel that this measure is too sensitive. Lets call a pair a significant inversion if i < j and 2aj < ai .
(a) Describe a O(n log n) algorithm to count the number of significant inversions between two orderings. Make clear how is it that your algorithm would achieve the given O(n log n) execution time bound.
Answer:
The algorithm is very similar to that of counting inversions. The only change is that here we separate the counting of significant inversions from the merge-sort process.
Explanation:
Algorithm:
Let A = (a1, a2, . . . , an).
Function CountSigInv(A[1...n])
if n = 1 return 0; //base case
Let L := A[1...floor(n/2)]; // Get the first half of A
Let R := A[floor(n/2)+1...n]; // Get the second half of A
//Recurse on L. Return B, the sorted L,
//and x, the number of significant inversions in $L$
Let B, x := CountSigInv(L);
Let C, y := CountSigInv(R); //Do the counting of significant split inversions
Let i := 1;
Let j := 1;
Let z := 0;
// to count the number of significant split inversions while(i <= length(B) and j <= length(C)) if(B[i] > 2*C[j]) z += length(B)-i+1; j += 1; else i += 1;
//the normal merge-sort process i := 1; j := 1;
//the sorted A to be output Let D[1...n] be an array of length n, and every entry is initialized with 0; for k = 1 to n if B[i] < C[j] D[k] = B[i]; i += 1; else D[k] = C[j]; j += 1; return D, (x + y + z);
Runtime Analysis: At each level, both the counting of significant split inversions and the normal merge-sort process take O(n) time, because we take a linear scan in both cases. Also, at each level, we break the problem into two subproblems and the size of each subproblem is n/2. Hence, the recurrence relation is T(n) = 2T(n/2) + O(n). So in total, the time complexity is O(n log n).
Correctness Proof: We will prove a stronger statement that on any input A our algorithm produces correctly the sorted version of A and the number of significant inversions in A. And, we will prove it by induction. Base Case: When n = 1, the algorithm returns 0, which is obviously correct.
Inductive Case: Suppose that the algorithm works correctly for 1, 2, . . . , n − 1. We have to show that the algorithm also works for n. By the induction hypothesis, B, x, C, y are correct. We need to show that the counting of significant split inversions and the normal merge-sort process are both correct. In other words, we are to show that z is the correct number of significant split inversions, and that D is correctly sorted.
First, we prove that z is correct. Due to the fact that B and C are both sorted by the induction hypothesis, for every C[j], where j = 1, . . . , length(C), we can always find the smallest i such that B[i] > 2C[j]. Therefore, B[1], B[2], . . . , B[i − 1] are all smaller than or equal to 2C[j], and B[i], B[i + 1], . . . , B[length(B)] are all greater than 2C[j]. Thus, length(B) − i + 1 is the correct significant split inversion count for pairs involving C[j]. After counting the number of correct significant split inversions for all C[j], where j = 1, . . . , length(C), z is the correct number of significant split inversions. Second, we show that D is the sorted version of A.
This is actually the proof of merge-sort. Each time, we append one element from B or C to D. At each iteration k, since B and C are both sorted by the induction hypothesis, min(B[i], C[j]), the one to be appended to D, is also the smallest number among all the numbers that have not been added to D yet.
As a result, every time we append the smallest remaining element (of B and C) to D, which makes D a sorted array
1. True/False:
Mark either T (true) or F (false) for each statement in below. Write in one short sentence why you chose that answer, if necessary. You may lose points if your answer is very long.
a. Adjacency lists are more space efficient than adjacency matrices for sparse graphs. A sparse graph G = (V,E) has |E| = O(|V|).
b. The maximum number of edges in a graph with n vertices is n (n +1) / 2 .
c. A spanning tree of a graph with n vertices contains n edges.
d. Dijkstra’s algorithm does not work on directed graphs.
e. A dynamic programming algorithm makes short-sighted choices that are locally optimal.
f. Dynamic programming is an appropriate choice to solve merge sort.
g. Prim’s and Kruskal’s algorithms are examples of greedy algorithms.
h. In a flow network, the capacity of an edge must be less than or equal to the flow on the edge.
i. Dynamic programming uses memoization to avoid solving the same subproblem more than once.
j. Choice of data structures do not impact the time complexity of graph algorithms.
Answer:
(a) - True
(b)- False
(c)- False
(d) - False
(e) - False
(f) - False
(g)- True
(h)- False
(i) - False
(j) - False
Explanation:
(a)- In an adjacency list the usage of space depends upon the number of edges and vertices in the graph while in the case of the matrix efficiency depends upon the square of the vertices.
(b) The maximum number of edges is n*(n-1).
(c) The number of edges with a spanning tree of n vertices contains n-1 edges.
(d) Dijkstra's Theorem simply refers the adjacent vertices of a vertex and is independent of the fact that a graph is directed or in directed.
(e) Greedy Algorithm makes short sighted choices
(f) Consider the term overlapping sub-problems which is the technique used in Dynamic programming it uses previous calculations to find optimal solutions however in case of merge sort the idea is to break down array into smaller pieces that don't overlap unlike dynamic programming.
(g) Prim and Kruskal's algorithm are examples of greedy algorithm because the use the idea to pick the minimum weight edges at every step which is the approach of a greedy algorithm.
(h) the amount of flow on an edge cannot exceed its capacity.
(i) Dynamic Programming can be implemented using tabulation too.
(j) Different data structures have different time complexity.
Modern operating systems support multitasking by doing what?A) Keeping pending jobs available in memory as processesB) Sharing input and output devices between usersC) Distributing tasks as threadsD) Using hard disk space as an extension of memory
Answer:
Option A is the correct answer to the following question.
Explanation:
Because multitasking is the process of an operating system in which provides users to accomplish more than one jobs at the same time, for example, we can listen music with creating documents in word such as we can do multiple jobs at a time by which we can save much more time to do other works. So, that's why the following option is correct.
Write a function named wordLineCount with the following input and output: Input: a string parameter, inFile, that is the name of a file Output: return a dictionary in which each unique word in inFile is a key and the corresponding value is the number of lines on which that word occurs The file inFile contains only lower case letters and white space. For example, if the file ben.txt contains these lines tell me and i forget teach me and i remember involve me and i learn then the following would be correct output:
>>> print(wordLineCount('ben.txt')){'remember': 1, 'and': 3, 'tell': 1, 'me': 3, 'forget': 1, 'learn': 1,'involve': 1, 'i': 3, 'teach': 1}
Answer:
def wordLineCount(file):
dic = {}
with open(file,'r') as file:
text = file.read()
text = text.strip().split()
for word in text:
if word in dic:
dic[word] += 1
else:
dic[word] = 1
return dic
print(wordLineCount('ben.txt'))
Explanation:
The programming language used is python.
The program starts by defining the function, an empty dictionary is created to hold the words and the number of times that they occur. the with key word is used to open the file, this allows the file to close automatically as soon as the operation on it is finished.
The data in the file is read to a variable text, it is striped from all punctuation and converted to a list of words.
A FOR loop and an if statement is used to iterate through every word in the list and checking if they are already in the dictionary. if the word is already contained in the dictionary, the number of occurrences increases by one. otherwise, it is added to the dictionary.
check the attachment to see code in action.
Design and code a program including the following classes, as well as a client class to test all the methods coded:A Passenger class, encapsulating a passenger. A passenger has two attributes: a name, and a class of service, which will be 1 or 2.A Train class, encapsulating a train of passengers. A train of passengers has one attribute: a list of passengers, which must be represented with an ArrayList. Your constructor will build the list of passengers by reading data from a file called passengers.txt. You can assume that passengers.txt has the following format:...For instance, the file could contain:James 1Ben 2Suri 1Sarah 1Jane 2...You should include the following methods in your Train class:
a method returning the percentage of passengers traveling in first class
a method taking two parameters representing the price of traveling in first and second class and returning the total revenue for the train
a method checking if a certain person is on the train; if he/she is, the method returns true; otherwise, it returns false
Answer:
Code given below
Explanation:
/*
* Class to hold the Passenger data
* Stores the name and classOfService
* */
public class Passenger {
String name;
int classOfService;
public Passenger(String string, int classOfService) {
this.name = string;
this.classOfService = classOfService;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Passenger [name=" + name + ", classOfService=" + classOfService
+ "]";
}
@Override
public int hashCode() {
final int prime = 31;
int result = 1;
result = prime * result + classOfService;
result = prime * result + ((name == null) ? 0 : name.hashCode());
return result;
}
@Override
public boolean equals(Object obj) {
if (this == obj)
return true;
if (obj == null)
return false;
if (getClass() != obj.getClass())
return false;
Passenger other = (Passenger) obj;
if (classOfService != other.classOfService)
return false;
if (name == null) {
if (other.name != null)
return false;
} else if (!name.equals(other.name))
return false;
return true;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public int getClassOfService() {
return classOfService;
}
}
----
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
/* Train class for holding the
* passengerList.
* The passengerList is the list of Passenger Object
*/
public class Train {
List<Passenger> passengerList;
public Train() {
passengerList = new ArrayList<Passenger>();
}
public Passenger getPassenger(int index) {
if (index <= 0 && getTotalNumberOfPassengersOnBoard() < index) {
return null;
} else {
return passengerList.get(index - 1);
}
}
public void addPassenger(Passenger p) {
passengerList.add(p);
}
public int getTotalNumberOfPassengersOnBoard() {
return passengerList.size();
}
public boolean isPassengerOnBoard(String name) {
boolean flag= false;
for (Passenger p : passengerList) {
if (p.getName().equalsIgnoreCase(name)) {
flag = true;
break;
} else {
flag = false;
}
}
return flag;
}
public double getRevenue(double priceFirstClass, double priceSecondClass) {
double total = 0.0;
for (Passenger p : passengerList) {
if (p.getClassOfService() == 1) {
total += priceFirstClass;
} else {
total += priceSecondClass;
}
}
return total;
}
public double getPercentageFirstClassTravellers() {
double count = 0.0;
for (Passenger p : passengerList) {
if (p.getClassOfService() == 1) {
count++;
}
}
return count / getTotalNumberOfPassengersOnBoard() * 100;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Train [passengerList=" + passengerList + "]";
}
@Override
public int hashCode() {
final int prime = 31;
int result = 1;
result = prime * result
+ ((passengerList == null) ? 0 : passengerList.hashCode());
return result;
}
@Override
public boolean equals(Object obj) {
if (this == obj)
return true;
if (obj == null)
return false;
if (getClass() != obj.getClass())
return false;
Train other = (Train) obj;
if (passengerList == null) {
if (other.passengerList != null)
return false;
} else if (!passengerList.equals(other.passengerList))
return false;
return true;
}
}
-----------
public class TrainTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Train t = new Train();
Passenger p1 = new Passenger("James", 1);
Passenger p2 = new Passenger("Sarah", 2);
Passenger p3 = new Passenger("Jhon", 1);
Passenger p4 = new Passenger("Test", 2);
// add other passengers Test1 .. Test6
for (int j = 1; j < 7; j++) {
t.addPassenger(new Passenger("Test" + j, j % 2));
}
t.addPassenger(p1);
t.addPassenger(p2);
t.addPassenger(p3);
t.addPassenger(p4);
System.out.println("total revenue $" + t.getRevenue(10.0, 25.0));
System.out.println("total number of passengers on Board .. "
+ t.getTotalNumberOfPassengersOnBoard());
System.out.println("percentage of first class traveller .. "
+ t.getPercentageFirstClassTravellers());
System.out.println("getPassenger number # 2 .. " + t.getPassenger(2));
System.out.println("is passenger Jhon on board ? "
+ t.isPassengerOnBoard("Jhon"));
System.out.println("is passenger Dummy on board ? "
+ t.isPassengerOnBoard("Dummy"));
System.out.println("Printing all the Passengers on Board ...");
for (int i = 1; i <= t.getTotalNumberOfPassengersOnBoard(); i++) {
System.out.println("" + t.getPassenger(i));
}
// using the the Train toString to print all the passengers from Train
System.out.println(t.toString());
}
}
A physical switch port is part of an EtherChannel group. What happens while the same port is configured as a SPAN destination?
A. The port forwards traffic in the EtherChannel group and acts as a SPAN source simultaneously
B. The operation is not allowed as an EtherChannel member cannot be a SPAN source port
C. The port is put in the errdisabled state and can only be reenabled manually
D. The port is removed from the EtherChannel group
Answer:
D. The port is removed from the EtherChannel group.
Explanation:
The configuration SPAN is when we copy traffic, and we transfer that traffic to another port, in this case, we can analyze that traffic in our benefit.
If a physical port belongs to the EtherChannel group, it can be configured as a SPAN source port and still be a part of the EtherChannel.
But a physical port cannot be configured as a SPAN destination and belong to the EtherChannel group.
This means we can be the SPAN source but not the SPAN destination.
create a new Java application called "CheckString" (without the quotation marks) according to the following guidelines.** Each method below, including main, should handle (catch) any Exceptions that are thrown. ** ** If an Exception is thrown and caught, print the Exception's message to the command line. **Write a complete Java method called checkWord that takes a String parameter called word, returns nothing, and is declared to throw an Exception of type Exception. In the method, check if the first character of the parameter is a letter. If it is not a letter, the method throws an Exception of type Exception with the message of: "This is not a word."Write a complete Java method called getWord that takes no parameters and returns a String. The method prompts the user for a word, and then calls the checkWord method you wrote in #1 above, passing as a parameter the word the user provided as input. Make sure the getWord method handles the Exception that may be thrown by checkWord.
Answer:
The Java code is given below
Explanation:
import java.io.*;
import java.util.Scanner;
import java.util.ArrayList;
public class StringCheck{
//There are several implementation approaches. This is one example framework/outline which might be helpful. Please feel free to try other approaches.
public static void checkWord(String word) throws Exception {
// Uses charAt method to test if the first letter of string variable word
// is a character. If not, throw new exception
if(Character.isLetter(word.charAt(0))){
return;
}else{
throw new Exception("This is not a word");
}
}
public static String getWord() {
// Declare a local scanner
// Prompt the user to enter a word
// Think about using a loop to give the user multiple opportunities to correctly enter a string
// Read into a string
// Call checkWord method passing the string as a parameter
// checkWord can throw an exception; call checkWord in a try/catch block
// Return the string to main if a valid string
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
boolean st = true;
String word = null;
while(st){
System.out.println("Enter a Word : ");
word = sc.next();
try{
checkWord(word);
st = false;
}catch(Exception e){
System.out.println(e);
st = true;
}
}
sc.close();
return word;
}
public static void writeFile(String[] arrayToWrite, String filename) throws IOException {
// Example using FileWriter but PrintWriter could be used instead
// Create a FileWriter object
FileWriter fileWordStream = new FileWriter(filename);
// Use a loop to write string elements in arrayToWrite to fileWordStream
for(int i = 0;i<arrayToWrite.length;i++){
fileWordStream.write(arrayToWrite[i]+System.lineSeparator());
}
fileWordStream.flush();
fileWordStream.close();
// In the loop use the lineSeparator method to put each string on its own line
}
public static ArrayList readFile(String filename) throws FileNotFoundException, IOException {
// Declare local ArrayList
ArrayList<String> words = new ArrayList<>();
// Create a new File object using filename parameter
File file = new File(filename);
// Check if the file exists, if not throw a new exception
if(!file.exists()){
throw new FileNotFoundException("File not Found");
}
// Create a new BufferedReader object
Scanner fsc = new Scanner(file);
// use a loop and the readLine method to read each string (on its own line) from the file
while(fsc.hasNextLine()){
words.add(fsc.nextLine());
}
fsc.close();
// return the filled ArrayList to main
return words;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
// create a string with literal values to write to the file
String[] testData = {"cat", "dog", "rabbit"};
// Create an ArrayList for reading the file
ArrayList<String> words = new ArrayList<>();
// Declare a string variable containing the file name "data.txt"
String file = "data.txt";
// Call getWord, assign the returned string to a variable and display it
String word = getWord();
System.out.println("The word is : "+word);
// Call writeFile and readFile methods in a try block
try{
writeFile(testData,file);
words = readFile(file);
// Printout the contents of the ArrayList after the call to readFile
for(int i = 0;i<words.size();i++){
System.out.println(words.get(i));
}
}catch(FileNotFoundException e){
System.out.println(e);
}catch(IOException e){
System.out.println("IOException: error occured in input output");
}
// catch two types of exceptions
}
}
Final answer:
To create the 'CheckString' Java application, you need to write a method called 'checkWord' that throws an Exception if the word doesn't start with a letter, and another method called 'getWord' that prompts the user for input and handles any Exceptions thrown by 'checkWord'.
Explanation:
To create a new Java application called CheckString, you need to write two methods. The method checkWord will take a String parameter and throw an Exception if the word does not start with a letter. The method getWord will prompt the user for a word, call checkWord, and handle any Exceptions.
Method: checkWord
public void checkWord(String word) throws Exception {
if (Character.isLetter(word.charAt(0)) == false) {
throw new Exception("This is not a word.");
}
// otherwise, the input is considered a valid word
}
Method: getWord
public String getWord() {
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
while (true) {
try {
System.out.print("Enter a word: ");
String word = scanner.nextLine();
checkWord(word);
return word;
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println(e.getMessage());
}
}
}
Write a SELECT statement that returns an XML document that contains all of the invoices in the Invoices table that have more than one line item. This document should include one element for each of the following columns:InvoiceNumberInvoiceDateInvoiceTotalInvoiceLineItemDescriptionInvoiceLineItemAmountHint: Below is the SQL part of the query that you should use so that all you have to add is the XML partSELECT InvoiceNumber, InvoiceDate, InvoiceTotal, InvoiceLineItemDescription AS ItemDescription, InvoiceLineItemAmount AS ItemAmountFROM Invoices AS Invoice JOIN InvoiceLineItems AS LineItemON Invoice.InvoiceID = LineItem.InvoiceIDWHERE Invoice.InvoiceID IN (SELECT InvoiceIDFROM InvoiceLineItemsGROUP BY InvoiceID HAVING COUNT(*) > 1)ORDER BY InvoiceDateSave the XML document that is returned in a file named MultipleLineItems.xmlGenerate an XML schema for the file and save it in a file named MultipleLineItems.xsd
Answer:
The code is given, paying attention to every column details
Explanation:
columns:
InvoiceNumber
InvoiceDate
InvoiceTotal
InvoiceLineItemDescription
InvoiceLineItemAmount
SELECT InvoiceNumber, InvoiceDate, InvoiceTotal, InvoiceLineItemDescription AS ItemDescription, InvoiceLineItemAmount AS ItemAmount
FROM Invoices AS Invoice JOIN InvoiceLineItems AS LineItem
ON Invoice.InvoiceID = LineItem.InvoiceID
WHERE Invoice.InvoiceID IN (
SELECT InvoiceID
FROM InvoiceLineItems
GROUP BY InvoiceID
HAVING COUNT(*) > 1)
ORDER BY InvoiceDate
FOR XML RAW, ELEMENTS;