satellite 1 is in a certain circular orbit around a planet, while satellite 2 is in a larger circular orbit. which satellite has (a) the longer period

a. Satellite 1 has a longer period and faster speed than satellite 2.
b. Satellite 1 has a longer period and slower speed than satellite 2.
c. Satellite 1 has a shorter period and faster speed than satellite 2.
d. Satellite 1 has a shorter period and slower speed than satellite 2.
e. The period and the speed are the same for both satellites.

Answer:

t₂ = t₁ / 5

Explanation:

Rotational kinematics using:  ωf = ωi + αt

Starting from rest and speeding up:

ω₁ = 0 + αt₁  ..  Eq1

Starting from ω₁ and slowing to a stop:

0 = ω₁ - 5αt₂  

Substituting for ω₁ from Eq 1

0 = αt₁ - 5αt₂  

5αt₂ = αt₁  

5t₂ = t₁

t₂ = t₁ / 5

Given the equivalent value to convert the units from kilograms to slug and feet to meters, we will proceed to define the equivalence of the 'Newton' in simplified units, that is,

[tex]1N=1kg\cdot m\cdot s^{-2}[/tex]

Then,

[tex]15.0N=15.0kg\cdot m\cdot s^{-2}[/tex]

Converting this value to British units we have that

[tex]15N = 15.0kg\cdot m\cdot s^{-2} (\frac{1slug}{14.59kg})(\frac{1ft}{0.3048m})[/tex]

[tex]15N = 3.37 slug \cdot ft \cdot s^{-2} (\frac{1 lb \cdot ft^{-1}}{1slug})[/tex]

[tex]15N =3.37lb[/tex]

Therefore the value of 15.0 N in pounds is 3.37 lb.

To convert 15 N into pounds, one must first convert Newton to slugs, using the conversion 1slug=14.59kg and then convert slugs to pounds using the conversion 1ft=0.3048m. Using these conversions, we find that 15.0 N is approximately 3.37 pounds.

The Newton is a measure of force in the International System of Units (SI), while the pound is a measure of force in the imperial system. To find the equivalent pounds, you'll need to use the given conversions 1slug=14.59kg and 1ft=0.3048m.

Firstly, we need to convert Newtons to slugs. This is because the pound is a unit of force in the American engineering system, where the basic mass unit is the slug, not the kilogram. 1 N is the force required to give a 1 kg mass an acceleration of 1 m/[tex]s^{2}[/tex]. Therefore, we need to convert kilograms to slugs. One slug is equivalent to 14.59 kg. So, we convert the kilograms resulting from the Newton's definition (1 N = 1 kg*m/[tex]s^{2}[/tex]) into slugs with 1slug/14.59kg.  

Also, since a pound is .454 kg under the force of gravity, and using 1ft=0.3048m, we can express 1 pound as 1 slug*ft/[tex]s^{2}[/tex]. Therefore, we find that 1N = 0.2248 pounds approximately. Therefore, 15.0 Newtons is equal to 15*0.2248 = 3.37 pounds, when rounded to three significant figures.

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Answer:

[tex]f=1.79Hz[/tex]

Explanation:

The period is defined as the time taken by an object to complete a cycle in a simple harmonic motion. As the frequency of the motion increases, the period decreases. Therefore, they are inversely proportional. The frequency does not depend on the mass of the object.

[tex]f=\frac{1}{T}\\f=\frac{1}{0.56 s}\\f=1.79Hz[/tex]

Answer

given,

discharge rate from pipe = 1000 gallons/minutes

now,

flow rate in  cubic meters per second

1 gallon = 0.00378541 m³

1 min = 60 s

Q = [tex]1000\times \dfrac{0.00378541\ m^3}{1\ gallon}\times \dfrac{1\ min}{60\ s}[/tex]

Q = 0.063 m³/s

flow rate in  liters per minute

1 gallon = 3.78541 L

 Q = [tex]1000\times \dfrac{3.78541\ m^3}{1\ gallon}[/tex]

 Q = 3785.41 m³/min

flow rate in cubic feet per second

 1 gallon = 0.133681 ft³

 1 min = 60 s

Q = [tex]1000\times \dfrac{0.133681\ ft^3}{1\ gallon}\times \dfrac{1\ min}{60\ s}[/tex]

Q = 2.23 ft³/s

Explanation:

weight of water displaced=weight of sphere,

Since,  plastic sphere floats in water with 50.0% of its volume submerged

so, water=2 sphere,

so sphere's density = 1/2 of water's  density

Now,  weight of glycerin displaced=weight of sphere,

Also given This same sphere floats in glycerin with 40.0% of its volume submerged.

so glycerin =2.5 sphere,

so sphere's density = .4 of glycerin's = 1/2 of water's.

So glycerin = 1.25 water

Density of glycerin is  5/ 4 times of water density.

Density of sphere is 1/2 times of water density.

Density is defined as ratio of mass to volume , that is density is the amount of mass per unit of volume.

Since,  plastic sphere floats in water with 50% of its volume submerged.

So, Density of sphere = [tex]\frac{1}{2} *water density[/tex]

Since, same sphere floats in glycerin with 40% of its volume submerged.

So, Density of sphere = [tex]\frac{40}{100}*Glycerin density=\frac{2}{5}*glycerindensity[/tex]

Density of Glycerin =  5/2  of sphere density

Density of glycerin =  [tex]\frac{5}{2}*\frac{1}{2}*waterdensity[/tex]

Density of glycerin = [tex]\frac{5}{4} *waterdensity[/tex]

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Answer:

1.8 s

Explanation:

Potential energy = kinetic energy + rotational energy

mgh = ½ mv² + ½ Iω²

For a thin spherical shell, I = ⅔ mr².

mgh = ½ mv² + ½ (⅔ mr²) ω²

mgh = ½ mv² + ⅓ mr²ω²

For rolling without slipping, v = ωr.

mgh = ½ mv² + ⅓ mv²

mgh = ⅚ mv²

gh = ⅚ v²

v = √(1.2gh)

v = √(1.2 × 9.81 m/s² × 4.8 m sin 39.4°)

v = 5.47 m/s

The acceleration down the incline is constant, so given:

Δx = 4.8 m

v₀ = 0 m/s

v = 5.47 m/s

Find: t

Δx = ½ (v + v₀) t

t = 2Δx / (v + v₀)

t = 2 (4.8 m) / (5.47 m/s + 0 m/s)

t = 1.76 s

Rounding to two significant figures, it takes 1.8 seconds.

To determine the time it takes for a basketball to roll without slipping down an incline, we use the motion formula as well as the formula for acceleration. With the given values, the time is approximately 1.243 seconds.

To solve this problem, first consider the formula that describes the motion of an object rolling down an incline without slipping. The formula is d = (1/2) * a * t^2, where d is the distance, a is the acceleration, and t is the time. We can rearrange this to solve for t, giving us t = sqrt(2 * d / a).

Next, we need to find the acceleration a. This is given by the formula a = g * sin(theta), where g is the acceleration due to gravity (9.81 m/s^2) and theta is the angle of the incline (39.4 degrees). Plugging these values in, we find that a = 9.81 * sin(39.4) = 6.24 m/s^2.

Finally, we can plug these values into our first formula to find the time it takes for the basketball to roll down the incline. This gives us t = sqrt(2 * 4.8 / 6.24) = 1.243 seconds.

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Answer:

(a) Spring constant =  1850 N/m.

(b) Energy stored in the spring = 9.25 J.

(c) Muzzle velocity of the dart =  43.01 m/s.

Explanation:

(a) Spring constant

From hook's law,

F = ke ...................... Equation 1

Where F = force on the gun, k = spring constant of the gun, e = extension of the gun's spring.

Making k  subject of the equation,

k = F/e ............... Equation 2

Given: F = 185 N, e = 10 cm = 0.1 m.

Substitute into equation 2

k = 185/0.1

k = 185/0.1

k = 1850 N/m.

Hence the spring constant = 1850 N/m.

(b) Energy stored in the spring,

E = 1/2ke²............... Equation 3

Where E = Energy stored in the spring, k = spring constant, e = extension.

Given: k = 1850 N/m, e = 0.1 m.

Substitute into equation 3

E = 1/2(1850)(0.1)²

E = 925(0.01)

E = 9.25 J.

(c) Muzzle velocity of the dart.

Kinetic energy of the dart = 1/2mv²

Note: The kinetic energy of the dart is equal to the energy stored in the sprig.

E = 1/2mv²

Where m = mass of the dart, v = velocity of the dart.

Making v the subject of the equation,

v = √(2E/m)............... Equation 4

Given: E = 9.25 J, m = 10 g = 0.01 kg

Substituting these values into equation 4

v = √(2×9.25/0.01)

v = √(18.5/0.01)

v = √1850

v = 43.01 m/s.

Answer:

Explanation:

Electric charge is the physical property of matter that causes it to experience a force when placed in an electromagnetic field. There are two types of electric charge: positive and negative (commonly carried by protons and electrons respectively). Like charges repel each other and unlike charges attract each other. An object with an absence of net charge is referred to as neutral. Early knowledge of how charged substances interact is now called classical electrodynamics, and is still accurate for problems that do not require consideration of quantum effects.

Electric charge is a conserved property; the net charge of an isolated system, the amount of positive charge minus the amount of negative charge, cannot change. Electric charge is carried by subatomic particles. In ordinary matter, negative charge is carried by electrons, and positive charge is carried by the protons in the nuclei of atoms. If there are more electrons than protons in a piece of matter, it will have a negative charge, if there are fewer it will have a positive charge, and if there are equal numbers it will be neutral. Charge is quantized; it comes in integer multiples of individual small units called the elementary charge, e, about 1.602×10−19 coulombs,[1] which is the smallest charge which can exist freely (particles called quarks have smaller charges, multiples of

e, but they are only found in combination, and always combine to form particles with integer charge). The proton has a charge of +e, and the electron has a charge of −e.

An electric charge has an electric field, and if the charge is moving it also generates a magnetic field. The combination of the electric and magnetic field is called the electromagnetic field, and its interaction with charges is the source of the electromagnetic force, which is one of the four fundamental forces in physics. The study of photon-mediated interactions among charged particles is called quantum electrodynamics.

Answer: centripetal acceleration

Equals 18350m/s²

Explanation: Centripetal acceleration is given as v²/r

Where v is Velocity measured in rad/s and r is radius

But v= w*r

Therefore,

C.acceleratn = w²*r²/r

So we have

C.accelertn = w²*r

Our w is given as 1200 rev/min so we have to convert to rad/sec

1rad/sec equals 9.5rev/min

Therefore,

1200rev/min = 1200/9.5 rad/sec

w=126.32rad/sec

r = diameter/2

r = 2.3/2 =1.15m

Let's now calculate our centripetal acceleration = w²*r

= {126.32rad/sec}² *1.15

=18350m/s²

The centripetal acceleration of the World War II fighter plane propeller tip is approximately 18167.6 m/s² or about 1853 times the gravitational acceleration. This is determined using the radius, angular velocity, and linear speed of the propeller tip.

The propeller of a World War II fighter plane is 2.30 meters in diameter and spins at 1200 revolutions per minute. We can calculate the centripetal acceleration of the propeller tip as follows:

Therefore, the centripetal acceleration of the propeller tip is approximately 18167.6 meters per second squared or about 1853 times the gravitational acceleration.

Answer:

C) they all have the same angular speed  

D) they all have the same angular acceleration

Explanation:

Wrong --> they all have the same tangential speed. The points close to the axis will have less speed than the points away from the axis.

Wrong --> they all have the same tangential acceleration. Similarly, the points close to the axis will have smaller acceleration than the points away from the axis.

Correct --> they all have the same angular speed. Angular speed is the same for all the particles in the rotating object.

Correct --> they all have the same angular acceleration. Angular acceleration is the same for all the particles in the rotating object.

This all comes from the following relations:

v = ωR

a = αR

where ω is the angular velocity and α is the angular acceleration.

As can be seen from above, tangential velocity and acceleration depends on the distance from the axis, whereas the angular velocity and acceleration is the same for all the points on the rotating body.

The true statements about all points in the object rotating about a fixed point are;

C) they all have the same angular speed

D) they all have the same angular acceleration

For a circular motion about a given point, the angular speed is same for all points on the circular path and it is calculated as;

[tex]\omega = \frac{2\pi N}{T}[/tex]

Where;

Thus, angular speed is independent of the position of an object rotating about a fixed point.

The angular acceleration is given as;

[tex]\alpha = \frac{\omega}{T}[/tex]

Tangential speed and acceleration depends on the position of each object along the circular path.

Thus, we can conclude that the true statements about all points in the object rotating about a fixed point are, they all have the same angular speed  and they all have the same angular acceleration.

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Answer:

15.75 m

Explanation:

First, let's look at the top brick by itself.  In order for it not to tip over the bottom brick, its center of gravity must be right at the edge of the bottom brick.  So the edge of the top brick must be 10.5 m from the edge of the bottom brick.

Now let's look at both bricks as a combined mass.  We know the total length of this combined brick is 10.5 m + 21 m = 31.5 m.  And we know that for it to not tip over the edge of the surface, its center of gravity must be at the edge.  So the edge of the combined brick must be 31.5 m / 2 = 15.75 m from the edge of the surface.

The distance of the combined bricks from the edge of the surface is 15.75 m.

The maximum overhang is possible for the two bricks (without tipping) is calculated by applying the following method below;

From the diagram, the top brick's edge needs to be 10.5 meters away from the bottom brick's edge.

Also, if we consider both bricks as a single unit.  

The total lengths of the bricks is calculated as follows;

L =  10.5 m + 21 m

L = 31.5 m

For this single unit, its center of gravity needs to be close to the edge in order for it to be balanced on the surface.  

The distance of the combined bricks from the edge of the surface is calculated as;

x = L / 2

x = 31.5 / 2

x = 15.75 m

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Complete Question:

A uniform rod of mass 1.90 kg and length 2.00 m is capable of rotating about an axis passing through its center and perpendicular to its length. A mass m1 = 5.40 kgis  attached to one end and a second mass m2 = 2.50 kg is attached to the other end of the rod. Treat the two masses as point particles.

(a) What is the moment of inertia of the system?

(b) If the rod rotates with an angular speed of 2.70 rad/s, how much kinetic energy does the system have?

(c) Now consider the rod to be of negligible mass. What is the moment of inertia of the rod and masses combined?

(d) If the rod is of negligible mass, what is the kinetic energy when the angular speed is 2.70 rad/s?

Answer:

a) 8.53 kg*m² b) 31.1 J c) 7.9 kg*m² d) 28.8 J

Explanation:

a) If we treat to the two masses as point particles, the rotational inertia of each mass will be the product of the mass times the square of the distance to the axis of rotation, which is exactly the half of the length of the rod.

As the mass has not negligible mass, we need to add the rotational inertia of the rod regarding an axis passing through its centre, and perpendicular to its length.

The total rotational inertia will be as follows:

I = M*L²/12 + m₁*r₁² + m₂*r₂²

⇒ I =( 1.9kg*(2.00)²m²/12) + 5.40 kg*(1.00)²m² + 2.50 kg*(1.00)m²

⇒ I =  8.53 kg*m²

b)  The rotational kinetic energy of the rigid body composed by the rod and  the point masses m₁ and m₂, can be expressed as follows:

Krot = 1/2*I*ω²

if ω= 2.70 rad/sec, and I = 8.53 kg*m², we can calculate Krot as follows:

Krot = 1/2*(8.53 kg*m²)*(2.70)²(rad/sec)²

⇒ Krot = 31.1 J

c) If the mass of the rod is negligible, we can remove its influence of the rotational inertia, as follows:

I = m₁*r₁² + m₂*r₂² = 5.40 kg*(1.00)²m² + 2.50 kg*(1.00)m²

I = 7.90 kg*m²

d) The new rotational kinetic energy will be as follows:

Krot = 1/2*I*ω² = 1/2*(7.9 kg*m²)*(2.70)²(rad/sec)²

Krot= 28.8 J

a. The moment of inertia of this system is equal to [tex]8.53\;kgm^2[/tex].

b. The kinetic energy of this system, if the rod rotates with an angular speed of 2.70 rad/s is 31.13 Joules.

c. The moment of inertia of the rod and masses combined, if the rod is considered to be of negligible mass is [tex]7.9\;kgm^2[/tex].

d. The kinetic energy of this system, if the rod rotates with an angular speed of 2.70 rad/s and the rod is considered to be of negligible mass is 28.80 Joules.

Given the following data:

a. To determine the moment of inertia of this system:

Treating the two masses as point particles, the total moment of inertia of this system is given by the formula:

[tex]I = \frac{ML^2}{12} + m_1 r_1^2 + m_2 r_2^2\\\\I = \frac{1.9 (2)^2}{12} + (5.4 \times 1^2) + (2.5 \times 1^2)\\\\I=\frac{7.6}{12} + 5.4+2.5\\\\I=0.6333+ 7.9\\\\I=8.53\; kgm^2[/tex]

b. To determine the kinetic energy of this system, if the rod rotates with an angular speed of 2.70 rad/s:

Mathematically, the rotational kinetic energy of a system is given by the formula:

[tex]K.E_R = \frac{1}{2} I\omega^2\\\\K.E_R = \frac{1}{2} \times 8.53 \times 2.7^2\\\\K.E_R = 4.27\times 7.29\\\\K.E_R = 31.13\;Joules[/tex]

c. To determine the moment of inertia of the rod and masses combined, if the rod is considered to be of negligible mass:

[tex]I =m_1 r_1^2 + m_2 r_2^2\\\\I = (5.4 \times 1^2) + (2.5 \times 1^2)\\\\I= 5.4+2.5\\\\I=7.9\; kgm^2[/tex]

d. To determine the kinetic energy of this system, if the rod rotates with an angular speed of 2.70 rad/s and the rod is considered to be of negligible mass:

[tex]K.E_R = \frac{1}{2} I\omega^2\\\\K.E_R = \frac{1}{2} \times 7.9 \times 2.7^2\\\\K.E_R = 3.95\times 7.29\\\\K.E_R = 28.80\;Joules[/tex]

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Complete Question:

A uniform rod of mass 1.90 kg and length 2.00 m is capable of rotating about an axis passing through its center and perpendicular to its length. A mass m1 = 5.40 kgis  attached to one end and a second mass m2 = 2.50 kg is attached to the other end of the rod. Treat the two masses as point particles.

(a) What is the moment of inertia of the system?

(b) If the rod rotates with an angular speed of 2.70 rad/s, how much kinetic energy does the system have?

(c) Now consider the rod to be of negligible mass. What is the moment of inertia of the rod and masses combined?

(d) If the rod is of negligible mass, what is the kinetic energy when the angular speed is 2.70 rad/s?

Answer:

given,

speed of the car = 20 m/s

final speed of car = 0 m/s

distance between car and the deer = 38 m

reaction time, t = 0.5 s

deceleration of the car = 10 m/s².

a) distance between deer and car

  distance travel in the reaction time

   d₁ = v x t

   d₁ = 20 x 0.5 = 10 m

   distance travel after you apply brake

   using equation of motion

   v² = u² + 2 a s

   0 = 20² - 2 x 10 x s

    s =  20 m

total distance traveled by the car

D = d₁ + d₂

D = 20 + 10 = 30 m

  distance between car and the deer = 38 m - 30 m

                                                              = 8 m

b) now, maximum speed car.

   distance travel in reaction time

    d₁ = s x t

    d₁ = 0.5 V

distance left between them

   d₂ = 38 - d₁

   d₂ = 38 - 0.5 V

   distance travel after you apply brake

   using equation of motion

    v² = u² + 2 a d₂

    0 = (V)² - 2 x 10 x (38 - 0.5 V)

     V² + 10 V - 760 = 0

now, solving the quadratic equation

  [tex]x = \dfrac{-b\pm \sqrt{b^2-4ac}}{2a}[/tex]

  [tex]V = \dfrac{-10\pm \sqrt{10^2-4(1)(-760)}}{2(1)}[/tex]

         V = 23.01 , -33.01

rejecting the negative term.

hence, maximum speed of the car could be V = 23.01 m/s

Answer : The density, specific gravity, and mass of the air in a room is, 1.16825 g/L, 0.916 and 140.19 kg respectively.

Explanation :

First we have to calculate the volume of air.

[tex]Volume=Length\times Breadth\times Height[/tex]

[tex]Volume=4m\times 5m\times 6m[/tex]

[tex]Volume=120m^3=120000L[/tex]      [tex](1m^3=1000L)[/tex]

Now we have to calculate the mole of air.

Using ideal gas equation:

[tex]PV=nRT[/tex]

where,

P = Pressure of air = 100 kPa =  0.987 atm      (1 atm = 101.3 kPa)

V = Volume of air = 120000 L

n = number of moles of air = ?

R = Gas constant = [tex]0.0821L.atm/mol.K[/tex]

T = Temperature of air = [tex]25^oC=273+25=298K[/tex]

Putting values in above equation, we get:

[tex]0.987atm\times 120000L=n\times (0.0821L.atm/mol.K)\times 298K[/tex]

[tex]n=4841.04mol[/tex]

Now we have to calculate the mass of air.

[tex]\text{Mass of air}=\text{Moles of air}\times \text{Molar mass of air}[/tex]

As we know that the molar mass of air is, 28.96 g/mol

[tex]\text{Mass of air}=4841.04mol\times 28.96g/mol=140196.5184g=140.19kg[/tex]

Now we have to calculate the density of air.

[tex]\text{Density of air}=\frac{\text{Mass of air}}{\text{Volume of air}}[/tex]

[tex]\text{Density of air}=\frac{140.19kg}{120000L}=1.16825\times 10^{-3}kg/L=1.16825g/L[/tex]

Now we have to calculate the specific gravity of air.

[tex]\text{Specific gravity of air}=\frac{\text{Air density at given condition}}{\text{Air density at STP}}[/tex]

As we know that air density at STP is, 1.2754 g/L

[tex]\text{Specific gravity of air}=\frac{1.16825g/L}{1.2754g/L}=0.916[/tex]

Answer:

The quantum number of the higher energy level is 7

Explanation:

Given:

Momentum (p) = 0.3059×10⁻²⁷ kg·m/s

Planck's constant (h) = 6.626×10⁻³⁴ J·s

Speed of light (c) = 2.998×10⁸m/s

Charge of electron (e) = 1.602×10⁻¹⁹ C

Lower energy level (n₂) = 4

Higher energy level (n₁) = ?

From Bohr's model, change in energy of a photon is given as;

[tex]\delta E= (\frac{1}{(n_2)^2} -\frac{1}{(n_1)^2})*13.6eV[/tex]

ΔE = P*C

[tex]P*C = (\frac{1}{(n_2)^2} -\frac{1}{(n_1)^2})*13.6eV[/tex]

[tex]\frac{P*C}{13.6eV} =\frac{1}{(n_2)^2} -\frac{1}{(n_1)^2}[/tex]

[tex]\frac{1}{(n_1)^2}=\frac{1}{(n_2)^2} -\frac{P*C}{13.6eV}[/tex]

[tex]\frac{1}{(n_1)^2}=\frac{1}{(4)^2} -\frac{0.3059X10^{-27}*2.998X10^8}{13.6X1.602X10^{-19}}[/tex]

[tex]\frac{1}{(n_1)^2}=\frac{1}{(16)} -\frac{0.9177}{21.7812}}[/tex]

[tex]\frac{1}{(n_1)^2}=0.0625 -0.0421[/tex]

[tex]\frac{1}{(n_1)^2}=0.0204[/tex]

[tex](n_1)^2 = \frac{1}{0.0204}[/tex]

[tex](n_1)^2 = 49.0196[/tex]

[tex]n_1 =\sqrt{49.0196}[/tex]

n₁ = 7

Therefore, the quantum number of the higher energy level is 7

Answer:

1,54.95KJ

2. phase diagram can be found as attached

Explanation:

Definition of terms

Heat is the degree of hotness or coldness in a body

Specific heat capacity is the amount of heat to raise one kg mass of a substance by 1 degree rise in temperature

How much heat (in kJ) is evolved in converting 1.00 mol of iceat - 10.0 °C, to steam at 110.0 °C?

we take it step by step

the heat needed to raise ice from -10 to 0C

Q=mcdT

mass=mole*relative molecular mass of water

mass (g)=1*18g/mol

mass=18g

Q=18*2.1*(0-(-10)=378J

2. the heat of fusion of ice

Qf=mlf

Qf=18*334J/g

Qf=6012J

3. heat to take water from 0c to 100c

Q=18*4.18*(100)

7524J

4. heat of vapourization

Qv=mLv

Qv=18*2260=40680J

5. heat to raise the steam from 0c to 110c

Q=mCsteam*dT

Q=18*2.01*(110-100)

Q=361.8J

add up all the heat evolved

378+6012+7524+40680+361.8

=54955.8

54.95KJ

Answer:

Flow rate 2.34 m3/s

Diameter 0.754 m

Explanation:

Assuming steady flow, the volume flow rate along the pipe will always be constant, and equals to the product of flow speed and cross-section area.

The area at the well head is

[tex]A = \pi r_w^2 = \pi (0.509/2)^2 = 0.203 m^2[/tex]

So the volume flow rate along the pipe is

[tex]\dot{V} = Av = 0.203 * 11.5 = 2.34 m^3/s[/tex]

We can use the similar logic to find the cross-section area at the refinery

[tex]A_r = \dot{V}/v_r = 2.34 / 5.25 = 0.446 m^2[/tex]

The radius of the pipe at the refinery is:

[tex]A_r = \pi r^2[/tex]

[tex]r^2 =A_r/\pi = 0.446/\pi = 0.141[/tex]

[tex]r = \sqrt{0.141} = 0.377m[/tex]

So the diameter is twice the radius = 0.38*2 = 0.754m

Answer:

0.07 m

Explanation:

[tex]L_0[/tex] = Initial length = 1 km = 1000 m

[tex]\Delta T[/tex] = Change in temperature =  1.00°C

[tex]\alpha[/tex] = Coefficient of linear thermal expansion

Volumetric coefficient of expansion of water

[tex]\beta=210\times 10^{-6}^{\circ}C\\\Rightarrow \beta=3\alpha\\\Rightarrow \alpha=\dfrac{\beta}{3}\\\Rightarrow \alpha=\dfrac{210\times 10^{-6}}{3}\\\Rightarrow \alpha=70\times 10^{-6}\ ^{\circ}C[/tex]

Change in length is given by

[tex]\Delta L=L_0\alpha \Delta T\\\Rightarrow \Delta L=1000\times 1\times 70\times 10^{-6}\\\Rightarrow \Delta L=0.07\ m[/tex]

The change in length is 0.07 m

The change in length of a column of water for a temperature increase of 1.00°C is 210×10^6 meters.

To calculate the change in length of a column of water for a temperature increase, we can use the thermal coefficient of volume expansion for sea water. The thermal coefficient of volume expansion is given as 210×106/°C. To find the change in length, we need to multiply the original length (1.00 km) by the thermal coefficient of volume expansion (210×106/°C) and the temperature change (1.00°C).

Change in length = Original length x Thermal coefficient x Temperature change

Change in length = (1.00 km) x (210×106/°C) x (1.00°C)

Change in length = 210×106 meters

Answer:

Velocity remains the same at 104 m/s

Explanation:

According to Newton's 1st law of motion, an object subjected to no force or net force equal 0 would maintain its velocity. In our case the crew shuts off the power, spaceship is in space and far from all other objects (so no gravity whatsoever) would have no force acting on it. Therefore its velocity would stay the same at 104 m/s

Answer:  Frequency factor  A = 8 × 10⁹

activation energy Ea = 15.5 KJ/Mol

Explanation: to begin, let us first define the parameters given;

K₁ = 1.44 × 10⁷dm³mol⁻¹s⁻¹

K₂ = 3.03 × 10⁷ dm³mol⁻¹s⁻¹

K₃ = 6.9 × 10 dm³mol⁻¹s⁻¹

also T₁ = 300.3 K

T₂ = 341.2 K

T₃ = 392.2 K

we know that;

㏑ K₂ / K₁ = Ea/R [1/T₁ -1/T₂]

where R is given as 8.314 J/mol-k

Ea = activation energy

K₁, K₂ = rate constant

T₁, T₂ = Temperature

therefore, ㏑ (3.03 × 10⁷/ 1.44 × 10⁷) = Ea / 8.314 [1/300.3 - 1/341.2]

this gives Ea = 15496.16 J/Mol ≈ 15.5 KJ /Mol

∴ Ea = 15.5 KJ/ Mol

also given that K = A e⁻∧Ea/RT

here A = frequency factor

∴ 6.9 × 10⁷ = A e⁻ ∧(15496.16/8.314 × 392.2)

A = 7.99 × 10⁹ = 8 × 10⁹

Final answer:

The Arrhenius equation can be used to determine the frequency factor and activation energy of a reaction.

Explanation:

The given question requires determining the frequency factor and activation energy for a reaction. The relationship between the rate constant and temperature is described by the Arrhenius equation:

k = Ae-Ea/RT

To find the frequency factor (A), we can rearrange the equation and use the rate constant (k) at a specific temperature and the activation energy (Ea) to solve for A. Similarly, to find the activation energy, we can rearrange the equation and use the rate constants at two different temperatures to solve for Ea.

Answer:

I = 12 Kg.m²

Explanation:

given,

mass of the small masses = 2 Kg

distance between the masses = 1 m

moment of inertia of object through one of the inner masses.

moment of inertia

taking second block from the left as the reference point

so,

I = m r₁² + m r₂² + m r₃² + m r₄²

r₁ = -1 m , r₂ = 0 m , r₃ = 1 m , r₄ = 2 m

I = m( r₁² +  r₂² +  r₃² +  r₄² )

I = 2 x ( (-1)² +  (0)² +  (1)² +  (2)² )

I = 2 x 6

I = 12 Kg.m²

Hence, the moment of inertia of the object is equal to 12 Kg.m²

The moment of inertia about an axis perpendicular to the rod and through one of the inner masses can be calculated using the parallel-axis theorem.

The moment of inertia of this object about an axis perpendicular to the rod and through one of the inner masses can be calculated by using the parallel-axis theorem. By considering the rod and the four masses as separate point masses, the moment of inertia about the given axis can be written as the sum of the individual moments of inertia. The moment of inertia of a point mass is given by I = mr². Since we have four masses, we need to calculate the moment of inertia for each mass and then add them together.

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Answer:

a) If the mass get double then the potential of the spring gets four times.

b)  P'=3.848 J

Explanation:

Given that

P= 0.962 J

m = 3.5 kg

m'= 7 kg

Lets take extension in the spring is x when the mass 3.5 kg is attached to the spring.

m g = K x

K=Spring constant

[tex]x=\dfrac{mg}{K}[/tex]

We know that potential energy given as

[tex]P=\dfrac{1}{2}Kx^2[/tex]

[tex]P=\dfrac{1}{2}K\times \dfrac{m^2g^2}{K^2}[/tex]

[tex]P=\dfrac{1}{2}\times \dfrac{m^2g^2}{K}[/tex]

If the mass get double then the potential of the spring gets four times.

[tex]P'=\dfrac{1}{2}\times \dfrac{(2m)^2g^2}{K}[/tex]

[tex]P'=4\times \dfrac{1}{2}\times \dfrac{m^2g^2}{K}[/tex]

P'= 4 P

When mass ,m' = 7 kg

Then potential will be

[tex]0.962=\dfrac{1}{2}\times \dfrac{3.5^2\times g^2}{K} [/tex] -----1

[tex]P'=\dfrac{1}{2}\times \dfrac{7^2\times g^2}{K}[/tex]     -------2

From equation 1 and 2

[tex]\dfrac{0.962}{P'}=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{2}\times \dfrac{3.5^2\times g^2}{K} }{\dfrac{1}{2}\times \dfrac{7^2\times g^2}{K} }[/tex]

P'= 4 x 0.962 J

P'=3.848 J

Answer:

[tex]k=611.517\ N.m^{-1}[/tex]

[tex]U_7=3.8477\ J[/tex]

Explanation:

Given:

Now the force on the mass due to gravity:

[tex]F=m.g[/tex]

[tex]F=3.5 \times 9.8[/tex]

[tex]F=34.3\ N[/tex]

This force pulls the spring down, so:

[tex]F=k.\delta x[/tex]

[tex]34.3=k\times \delta x[/tex] ....................(1)

For the spring potential:

[tex]U=\frac{1}{2} k.\delta x^2[/tex]

[tex]0.962=0.5\times k\times \delta x^2[/tex]

[tex]1.924=k\times \delta x^2[/tex] .........................(2)

Using eq. (1) & (2)

[tex]\frac{1.924}{x^2} =\frac{34.3}{x}[/tex]

[tex]x=0.05609\ m[/tex]

a.

Now the spring factor:

using eq. (1)

[tex]34.3=k\times \delta 0.05609[/tex]

[tex]k=611.517\ N.m^{-1}[/tex]

b.

when mass attached is 7 kg.

The spring potential energy:

[tex]U_7=\frac{1}{2} \times k.\delta x'^2[/tex] ............(3)

Now the force on the mass due to gravity:

[tex]F=m.g[/tex]

[tex]F=7\times 9.8[/tex]

[tex]F=68.6\ N[/tex]

This force pulls the spring down, so:

[tex]F=k.\delta x[/tex]

[tex]68.6=611.517\times \delta x[/tex]

[tex]x=0.11218\ m[/tex]

Using eq. (3)

[tex]U_7=\frac{1}{2}\times 611.517\times 0.11218^2[/tex]

[tex]U_7=3.8478\ J[/tex]

Answer:

Gravitational force

Explanation:

If two spheres have equal densities and they are subject only to their mutual gravitational attraction. We need to say that the quantities that must have the same magnitude for both spheres. So, the correct option is (E) i.e. gravitational force.

It is because of Newton's third law of motion. It states that the force due to object 1 to object 2 is same as force due to object 2 to object 1. The two forces act in opposite direction.  

Hence, the correct option is (E) "Gravitational force".                        

The gravitational force has the same magnitude for both spheres.

By the Newton's law of gravitation and the Newton's third law we understand that gravitational force is directly proportional to the masses of the spheres and inversely proportional to the square of distance between centers, also that gravitational force experimented by one sphere has the same magnitude but opposite direction than the gravitational force experimented by the other sphere.

Therefore, we conclude that gravitational force has the same magnitude for both spheres. (Correct choice E)

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Answer:

While falling, the magnitude of the acceleration of the egg is 9.82 m/s²

While stopping, the magnitude of the deceleration of the egg is 79.3 m/s²

Explanation:

Hi there!

The equation of velocity of the falling egg is the following:

v = v0 + a · t

Where:

v = velocity at time t.

v0 = initial velocity.

a = acceleration.

t = time

Let´s calculate the acceleration of the egg while falling. Notice that the result should be the acceleration of gravity, ≅ 9.8 m/s².

v = v0 + a · t

11.1 m/s = 0 m/s + a · 1.13 s   (since the egg is dropped, the initial velocity is zero). Solving for "a":

11.1 m/s / 1.13 s = a

a = 9.82 m/s²

While falling, the magnitude of the acceleration of the egg is 9.82 m/s²

Now, using the same equation, let´s find the acceleration of the egg while stopping. We know that at t = 0.140 s after touching the ground, the velocity of the egg is zero. We also know that the velocity of the egg before hiiting the ground is 11.1 m/s, then, v0 = 11.1 m/s:

v = v0 + a · t

0 = 11.1 m/s + a · 0.140 s

-11.1 m/s / 0.140 s = a

a = -79.3 m/s²

While stopping, the magnitude of the deceleration of the egg is 79.3 m/s²

The average acceleration while the egg was falling is 9.8 m/s² and the average deceleration while the egg was stopping is -79.3 m/s².

The subject of the question is Physics, namely kinematics in the field of Mechanics. The main concepts involved are acceleration, velocity, and time. Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity, and it can be calculated as the change in velocity divided by the change in time.

Acceleration while falling: Since the egg is falling, it's subject to gravity. On Earth the acceleration due to gravity is approximately 9.8 m/s². However if this value wasn't given, it could have been calculated using the formula: final velocity divided by the time taken. Hence, 11.1 / 1.13 = 9.8 m/s² (rounded).

Deceleration while stopping: This is calculated in the same way as acceleration, the only difference being that its direction is opposite to the direction of motion hence it's often referred as deceleration. The initial velocity, in this case the speed it was falling just before hitting the ground, will be used as the initial velocity while calculating acceleration after hitting the ground. Therefore (0 - 11.1) / 0.140 = -79.3 m/s², the negative sign indicates deceleration.

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Answer:

1.257 kilograms is the maximum mass that can hang without sinking.

Explanation:

Mass of styrofoam = m

Volume of the sphere = V

V = [tex]\frac{4}{3}\pir^3[/tex]

Diameter of the sphere = d = 20.0 cm

Radius of the of sphere = r = 0.5 d = 10.0 cm = 0.1 m ( 1 cm = 0.01 m)

[tex]V=\frac{4}{3}\times 3.14\times (0.1 m)^3=0.00419 m^3[/tex]

Density of the sphere  = [tex]\rho =300 kg/m^3[/tex]

[tex]Density=\frac{Mass}{Volume }[/tex]

Weight of the styrofoam sphere , [tex]W= \rho Vg[/tex]

[tex]m \times g=\rho Vg[/tex]

[tex]m=\rho V[/tex]

[tex]m=\rho \times V = 300 kg/m^3\times 0.00419 m^3=1.257 kg[/tex]

1.257 kilograms is the maximum mass that can hang without sinking.

The question involves finding the density of a polystyrene cube that is partially submerged in water, the effect of adding mass to the cube, and the behavior of the cube in a different fluid. By applying the principles of density, buoyancy, and Archimedes' Principle, one can calculate the necessary parameters involved.

The subject of the question relates to the concepts of density, buoyancy, and Archimedes' Principle in Physics. To address the various parts of the question, we will need to apply these principles to calculate the density of the polystyrene, determine the effect of adding mass to the block in water, and examine the block's behavior in a fluid with different density.

The question states that 90% of the polystyrene floats above the water's surface. Since the polystyrene is floating, the weight of the displaced water is equal to the weight of the polystyrene. We can use the formula for buoyancy Fb = ρfluidVdisplacedg, where ρfluid is the density of the fluid, Vdisplaced is the volume of the displaced fluid, and g is the acceleration due to gravity.

For 90% of the polystyrene to float, it implies 10% is submerged, thus displacing 10% of its volume in water. Given the density of water as 1000 kg/m³, we find that the density of the polystyrene must be the same as the density of the water multiplied by the submerged volume percentage, yielding a density of 100 kg/m³ for the polystyrene.

When an additional 0.5 kg mass is placed on the block, the block must displace an additional amount of water equivalent to the weight of the added mass to remain afloat. This results in more of the block submerging to increase the displaced water volume. The exact new percentage of the block that remains above water can be calculated using the same principle, where the new weight of the system (polystyrene + added mass) equals the weight of the displaced water.

When the container's fluid changes to ethyl alcohol with a lower density, the buoyancy effect is reduced due to the altered density-weight relationship. For the block to float, the weight of the block plus any mass on top must be less than or equal to the buoyancy force provided by the ethyl alcohol.

To determine the density of a spherical polystyrene without using water, one could weigh the sphere to find its mass (m) and then measure its volume (V) using the formula for the volume of a sphere V = 4/3πr³, where r is the radius. The density ρ is then calculated using the formula ρ = m/V.

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Answer:

The amount of work done in lifting the bag is -20109.6 N-m

Explanation:

Given that,

Mass of bag = 60 kg

Distance = 9 m

Loss of mass = 12 kg

The number of pounds lost is proportional to the square root of the distance traversed

Mass of the bag containing flour at height is

[tex]m(y)=60-k\sqrt{y}[/tex]

Put the value into the formula

[tex]60-k\sqrt{y}=12[/tex]

[tex]k=144[/tex]

We need to calculate the work done

Using formula of work done

[tex]W=\int_{0}^{9}{m(y)gdy}[/tex]

Put the value into the formula

[tex]W=\int_{0}^{9}{(60-k\sqrt{y})gdy}[/tex]

[tex]W=((60y-\dfrac{2k}{3}\times y^{\frac{3}{2}}})_{0}^{9})\times9.8[/tex]

Put the value of y

[tex]W=(60\times9-\dfrac{2\times144}{3}\times 9^{\frac{3}{2}})\times9.8[/tex]

[tex]W=-20109.6\ N-m[/tex]

Hence, The amount of work done in lifting the bag is -20109.6 N-m

Answer:

The maximum speed of the object is 0.662 m/s.

Explanation:

Given that,

Mass of the object, m = 0.67 kg

Spring constant of the spring, k = 15 N/m

The spring is pulled 14 cm or 0.14 m from the equilibrium position and released.

To find,

The maximum speed of the object.

Solution,

The maximum speed of the object is given by :

[tex]v=A\omega[/tex]........(1)

Where

[tex]\omega=\sqrt{\dfrac{k}{m}}[/tex]

[tex]\omega=\sqrt{\dfrac{15}{0.67}}[/tex]

[tex]\omega=4.73\ rad/s[/tex]

So,

[tex]v=0.14\times 4.73[/tex]

v = 0.662 m/s

So, the maximum speed of the object is 0.662 m/s.

Answer:

C. Zero for ammeter; infinity for voltmeter

Explanation:

Ammeter: A device that is used to measure the current through a circuit.

Voltmeter: A device that is used to measure the electric potential difference between two points in a circuit.

The relation among voltage (v), current (i), and resistance (r) is given as,

[tex]v = i\times r[/tex]

In ideal cases an ammeter must have zero resistance so that there is no voltage drop across it and accurate value of current will be measured.

In case of an ideal voltmeter, the resistance should be infinite so that the current across it is zero.

The ideal internal resistance for a voltmeter is infinity, to prevent it from altering the circuit by drawing current. For an ammeter, it's zero to avoid introducing additional resistance into the circuit. Thus, the correct answer is C: Zero for ammeter; infinity for voltmeter.

The ideal internal resistance for a voltmeter and an ammeter varies due to their different roles in electrical measurements. A voltmeter is used to measure the voltage across two points in a circuit and ideally should have an infinite internal resistance to prevent it from drawing any significant current from the circuit.

This is because a voltmeter is connected in parallel with the circuit component, and a high resistance ensures that it does not affect the circuit's operation by introducing a significant parallel path for current. On the other hand, an ammeter is used to measure the current flowing through a circuit and is placed in series with the circuit elements. Therefore, an ammeter should have a zero internal resistance to ensure that it does not introduce any additional resistance into the circuit, which could alter the current it is meant to measure.

Answer:

c=326.5177 J/kg.K

Specific heat is c=326.5177 J/kg.K

Explanation:

In order ti find the specific heat, we will proceed as follow:

Formula we are going to use is:

[tex]Q=m*c*\Delta T[/tex]

Where:

Q is the heat energy added

m is the mass of sample

c is the specific heat

[tex]\Delta T[/tex] is the temperature Rise.

First we will find the mass:

Weight=m*g  (g is gravitational acceleration=9.8 m/s^2)

[tex]m=\frac{weight}{g} \\m=\frac{27.2}{9.8} \\m=2.7755 \ kg[/tex]

Rearranging above formula:

[tex]c=\frac{Q}{m* \Delta T}[/tex]

[tex]c=\frac{1.45*10^4}{2.7755*16}[/tex]

c=326.5177 J/kg.K

Specific heat is c=326.5177 J/kg.K

The ambulance will hear a reflected sound with a frequency of 855Hz, which is calculated using the Doppler Effect.

The subject of this question is the Doppler Effect, which states that the observed frequency of a wave depends on the relative speed of the source and the observer. In this case, the source of the sound is the ambulance and the observer is also the ambulance (after reflection of the sound from the hospital). We can use the formula for Doppler Effect in this case:

F' = F *(v+v0) / (v-vS)

Where:

Putting the given values into this formula, we can calculate:

F' = 798Hz * (343m/s + 0) / (343m/s - 108km/h converted to m/s) = 855Hz

Therefore, the frequency of the reflected sound heard by the ambulance is 855Hz. The correct option is b. 855Hz.

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