Answer:
D)50% carbohydrate, 30% fat , and 20% protien
Explanation
1 gram of carbohydrate and protien contains almost 9 kcal while 1 gram of lipid contains 9 kcal.
As there is a total of 2000 Kcal. 250 g of carbohydrate will contain 1000 kcal (250 g * 4 =1000kcal). Similarly 66g of fat will contain (66*9=594kcal) .While 102 g of protiens will contain (102 * 4=408kcal). As the percentages are counted by formula Individual calories /total calories * 100. carbs contribute 50% as per the fromula 1000/2000 *100 .Similarly fat contributes 30% as per formula 594/2000 * 100 while protiens contributes 20% as per the same formula 408/2000 * 100.
The correct option is D) 50% carbohydrate, 30% fat , and 20% protein
Calculation of energy percentage:1 gram of carbohydrate and protein comprise nearest of 9 kcal while on the other hand, 1 gram of lipid contains 9 kcal.
For carbohydrate, = [tex]1000\div 2000 \times 100[/tex] = 50%
For fat [tex]= 594\div 2000 \times 100[/tex] = 30%
For proteins = [tex]408\div 2000 \times 100[/tex] = 20%
Based on this above computation, the option D is correct.
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____ in the brain and spinal cord and ____ in the periphery are specialized types of glia that build the myelin sheaths that surround neurons.
Answer:
Oligodendrocytes in the brain and spinal cord and Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system are specialized types of glia that build the myelin sheaths that surround neurons.
Explanation:
Myelin sheath is an insulating layer, which covers neurons. It is made up of protein and fatty substances. This myelin sheath permits electrical impulses to move very fast along the neurons.
A trait that is affected by many factors, both genetic and environmental, that enhance, halt, shape, or alter the expression of genes, resulting in a phenotype that may differ markedly from the genotype, is said to be __________.
Answer: A trait that is affected by many factors, both genetic and environmental, that enhance, halt, shape, or alter the expression of genes, resulting in a phenotype that may differ markedly from the genotype, is said to be MULTIFACTORIAL.
Explanation: Multifactorial inheritance may be presented by a model in which liability to a disorder is dependent on combination of genetic factor and environmental factor. Examples of trait with this mode of inheritance are neural tube defects, cleft lip and congenital dislocation of the hip.
Since Watson and Crick described DNA in 1953, which of the following might best explain why the function of small RNAs is still being explained?
a. As RNAs have evolved since that time, they have taken on new functions.
b. Watson and Crick described DNA but did not predict any function for RNA.
c. The functions of small RNAs could not be approached until the entire human genome was sequenced.
d. Ethical considerations prevented scientists from exploring this material until recently.
e. Changes in technology, as well as our ability to determine how much of the DNA is expressed, have now made this possible.
Answer:
The answer is E
Explanation:
Work has been done on the functions of RNA over the years involving a group of scientists and their teams.
These scientists include Brenner, Crick, Meselson, as well as Watson.
There were limitations to establishing the functions of RNA, one of which access to more primitive techniques, machines and equipment stands out.
This limited the amount of knowledge scientists had access to about RNA but as time went by , the function of RNA was established to be linked to DNA.
Better technology provided better techniques to determine how much DNA is expressed and how much RNA functions in translating and transcribing the information carried in DNA which in turn, provides a template for the functions of the RNA present in cells.
The correct option is e. Changes in technology, as well as our ability to determine how much of the DNA is expressed, have now made this possible.
The function of small RNAs is best explained by advancements in technology and our enhanced ability to understand DNA expression. Discoveries such as ribozymes and the RNA world hypothesis have shifted our understanding of RNA's role in genetics and cellular functions.
Since Watson and Crick described DNA in 1953, the best explanation for why the function of small RNAs is still being explained can be attributed to 'Changes in technology, as well as our ability to determine how much of the DNA is expressed, have now made this possible.' Over time, our understanding of RNA has evolved significantly. Initially thought to serve merely as an intermediary between DNA and protein synthesis, the discovery of ribosomes and the concept of an 'RNA world' have greatly expanded our perspective on RNA's capabilities. These developments underscore RNA's role in genetic information storage, catalysis, and regulation within cells. The technological advancements in genomics, bioinformatics, and molecular biology have enabled scientists to unravel the complexities of RNA dynamics and functions, thus continuously revealing new insights into RNA's role in life's fundamental processes.
A 32-year-old female client has been diagnosed with a superinfection and has been prescribed tigecycline. What is a priority nursing action?
a-Educate the client about the need to supplement oral contraceptives with another form of birth controlb-Assess the client's blood pressure prior to administering the first dose and monitor closely for the first 12 hoursc-Assess the client carefully for recreational drug used-Educate the client about the need to avoid OTC antihistamines during treatment, due to the risk for anticholinergic effects
Answer:
Educate the client about the need to supplement oral contraceptives with another form of birth control.
Explanation:
Tigecycline is used as an antibiotic to prevent the bacterial infections. This drug is given intravenously. This drug is mainly taken against the bacterial resistant infections.
The unplanned pregnancies can be prevented by taking the oral contraceptives. The antibiotics that are taken can interfere with the mechanism of the oral contraceptive. Some barrier contraceptive must be given to woman when taking contraceptives to increase its effectiveness.
Thus, the correct answer is option (a).
When a woman is prescribed tigecycline for a superinfection, the priority nursing action is to educate her about its potential to reduce the effectiveness of her oral contraceptives, and the need for an additional form of birth control during treatment.
Explanation:When a female patient has been diagnosed with a superinfection and is prescribed tigecycline, a key nursing action involves educating the client about the potential interactions of this medication with oral contraceptives. Tigecycline, like many antibiotics, can interfere with the effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives. Hence, the client should be educated about the need to supplement oral contraceptives with an additional form of birth control during the course of the treatment to prevent an unintended pregnancy. Thus, option (a) - Educate the client about the need to supplement oral contraceptives with another form of birth control, is the priority nursing action.
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The composition of the cell wall allows for the expansion and contraction of the cell wall in response to the gain or loss of water from the cell.a) trueb) false
Answer:false
Explanation:the cell wall is a rigid , protective wall that surrounds the plasma membrane.
The rigidity of the cell wall is due primarily to the presence of cellulose and other materials such as lignin and pectin.
Cellulose is a polysaccharide and the plant cell wall is made up of several molecules of it.
Lignin is a rigid and impermeable material and deposited on the cellulose as an extra reinforcement on the cell wall.
Pectin are found in the middle lamellae and helps to cement the adjacent cell walls.
There is also hemicellulose which binds to the cellulose mifilaments.
The cell wall may also possesses plasmodermata,which are pores through which water and nutrients pass adjacent cells.
This rigid covering of the cell prevents it from expanding and shrinking due to water movement in and out of the cells
As Joe prepares to spar with a tae kwon do opponent, his heart rate and respiration rate increase. These are indicators that which branch of the nervous system has been activated?
a. central
b. autonomic
c. parasympathetic
d. sympathetic
Answer:
d. Sympathetic
Explanation:
Sympathetic is a division of the autonomic nervous which controls the inside of the body unconsciously . Its' main or primary process is to stimulate the body's fight-flight-or-freeze response. It is normally active to maintain homeodynamics of homeostasis.
In the question, Joe is preparing to spar with an opponent. He will need the fight-flight-freeze response, the Sympathetic nervous system will be activated.
Increased heart and respiration rates as seen during physical activities are driven by the activation of the sympathetic nervous system, which is one of the two branches of the autonomic nervous system.
Explanation:As Joe prepares to spar with his tae kwon do opponent and experiences an increase in heart and respiration rates, it is the sympathetic branch of the nervous system that gets activated. The two major divisions of the autonomic nervous system are the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems. The parasympathetic system is responsible for 'rest and digest' actions, while the sympathetic system stimulates 'fight or flight' responses like increasing heart rate and respiration rate in stressful or physically demanding situations, like a tae kwon do match.
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During the repolarization phase of an action potential which of the following is the primary activity in the membrane of the post-synaptic cell?
During the repolarization phase of an action potential, the primary activity involves the opening of voltage-gated K+ channels, which facilitate the exit of K+ ions from the cell. This activity helps return the membrane potential to its rest state, following depolarization and a brief period of hyperpolarization.
Explanation:The primary activity in the membrane of the post-synaptic cell during the repolarization phase of an action potential involves the voltage-gated K+ channels. After the peak of the action potential, these channels open, allowing K+ to leave the cell, which facilitates repolarization. It's crucial to understand that the repolarization phase is characterized by the return of the membrane potential to its rest state, following a brief period of hyperpolarization. Therefore, during this phase, the essential event happening in the membrane is the outflow of potassium ions (K+).
Depolarization, the prior phase, occurs when the sodium channels open, and Na+ ions rush into the cell, pushing the membrane potential towards a more positive value. However, these sodium channels close at the peak of the action potential, and the potassium channels then open, starting the repolarization process.
The membrane repolarization is previously set in motion due to the voltage-dependent closure of sodium channels, which halts the influx of sodium ions (Na+), and the opening of potassium channels, thereby initiating the exit of potassium ions (K+) from the cell. Rules of diffusion and the ions' natural tendency to move towards an area of lower concentration drive this movement, leading to the restoration of the resting membrane potential.
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Cells have differences and similarities. How is a human sperm cell different from most other cells (i.e. simple squamous cell, a red blood cell and a smooth muscle cell)?
Answer + Explanation :
1) Sperms have only one set of chromosomes i-e they are haploid while other cells are diploid.
2) Sperm cells come from embryo's gut while other cells can be found in blood , connective tissue , skin , bones etc.
3)Sperm cells are produced through meiosis while other cells are produced from mitosis.
4) Sperm cells are involved in reproduction while other cells have their specific functions in their specific locations.
5) Sperm cells are present is reproductive part or body while other cells are located everywhere.
6) Sperm cells originate from germ cells while other cells originate from stem cells.
7) Sperm cells are smaller then other cells of body.
8) Sperm cells are no more than a nucleus with small amount of cytoplasm and some mitochondrion while other cells follow normal symmetry.
The nurse is teaching the parents of a newborn prior to a heel stick. The nurse is describing the procedure and recommending various ways the parents can comfort their baby. Which of the following statements by the parents indicates a need for further teaching?A) "It's better if we are not in the room for this."B) "We can use kangaroo care before and after."C) "We hope you are using a very tiny needle."D) "We can offer him nonnutritive sucking to calm him.
Answer:
Option (A).
Explanation:
The new born parents require proper education to understand the behavior and importance of the needs of their child. Parents can hire professionalist as well.
The statement that they will not present in the room shows the contradiction. The parents should provide their presence to the child and makes him feel comfort by their touch. During the atruamatic care, teh child may get frighten and requires the parents presence.
Thus, the correct answer is option (A).
An adult inhales about 6.0 x 10⁻⁴ m³ of fresh air during a breath. Only 20% of fresh air is oxygen. Assume the pressure in the lungs is 1.0 x 10⁵ Pa and the air is at a temperature of 300 K.
How many oxygen molecules are in each breath?
A. 1.4 x 10²³
B. 2.9 x 10²¹
C. 4.9 x 10⁻⁴
D. 2.9 x 10²⁵
Answer: B. [tex]2.9\times 10^{21}[/tex]
Explanation:
According to avogadro's law, 1 mole of every substance occupies 22.4 L at NTP, weighs equal to the molecular mass and contains avogadro's number [tex]6.023\times 10^{23}[/tex] of particles.
Given : Volume of fresh air = [tex]6.0\times 10^{-4}m^3[/tex]
volume of oxygen =[tex]\frac{20}100}\times 6.0\times 10^{-4}m^3=1.2\times 10^{-4}m^3[/tex]
According to the ideal gas equation:
[tex]PV=nRT[/tex]
P = Pressure of the gas = [tex]1.0\times 10^{5}Pa[/tex] = 0.98 atm
V= Volume of the gas = [tex]1.2\times 10^{-4}m^3=0.12L[/tex] [tex]1m^3=1000L[/tex]
T= Temperature of the gas = 300 K
R= Gas constant = 0.0821 atmL/K mol
n= moles of gas= ?
[tex]n=\frac{PV}{RT}=\frac{0.98atm\times 0.12L}0.0821\times 300}=4.8\times 10^{-3}moles[/tex]
1 mole of oxygen contains = [tex]6.023\times 10^{23}[/tex] molecules
Thus [tex]4.8\times 10^{-3}moles[/tex] of oxygen contain=[tex]\frac{6.023\times 10^{23}}{1}\times 4.8\times 10^{-3}=2.9\times 10^{21}[/tex] molecules of oxygen
Thus there are [tex]2.9\times 10^{21}[/tex] oxygen molecules in each breath
A nurse is teaching parents how to use an Epi-Pen for their child, who has a peanut allergy. Which statement by the parents indicates understanding of the teaching?
a. "After using the Epi-Pen, we must go to the emergency department."
b. "The Epi-Pen should be stored in the refrigerator, because epinephrine is sensitive to heat."
c. "The teacher should call us when symptoms start so that we can bring the Epi-Pen to school."
d. "We should jab the device into the thigh until it is empty of solution."
Answer:A
Explanation:
The correct option is a. After using the Epi-Pen, we must go to the emergency department.
This statement indicates understanding because it reflects the critical action that must be taken after administering epinephrine with an Epi-Pen. The use of an Epi-Pen is for emergency treatment of a severe allergic reaction, such as anaphylaxis, and it is essential to seek immediate medical attention following its use, even if the symptoms appear to improve. This is because the effects of epinephrine are temporary, and additional treatment or observation may be necessary to ensure the individual's safety.
Let's evaluate the other options to understand why they do not indicate the same level of understanding:
b. The Epi-Pen should be stored in the refrigerator, because epinephrine is sensitive to heat. - This statement is incorrect. Epinephrine should not be refrigerated as it can lose potency when exposed to light and heat. The Epi-Pen should be stored at room temperature, away from direct sunlight and heat sources.
c. The teacher should call us when symptoms start so that we can bring the Epi-Pen to school. - While communication with the school is important, this statement suggests that the parents need to be present to administer the Epi-Pen. School staff should be trained to recognize the signs of an allergic reaction and to administer the Epi-Pen if necessary, without waiting for the parents to arrive.
d. We should jab the device into the thigh until it is empty of solution.- This statement is incorrect and potentially dangerous. The Epi-Pen should be jabbed firmly into the thigh muscle for a count of 10, which is the time it takes for the medication to be delivered. Holding it in place until it is empty is unnecessary and could cause harm. The device is designed to automatically inject the correct dose of epinephrine when used properly.
True or False. DNA cloning techniques have made it possible to locate , map them, isolate them, sequence them, and transfer them between species.
Answer: True
Explanation:
The DNA cloning techniques have made the manipulation of genes possible. The cloning of DNA have made it possible that new organism can be made which is genetically identical to the organism from which it is being cloned.
The manipulation of the gene for the mixing and matching of genes is also possible with the help of the cloning.
It is one of the application of genetic engineering which allows to map, manipulate and transfer genes among organism.
Density is mass per unit of volume. Which pair of lab instruments would a student use to measure the density of seawater?
1. a caliper and
2. a flask
3. a stopwatch and a beaker
4. a balance and a graduated cylinder
5. a meter stick and a temperature probe
Answer:
The answer is option 4. a balance and a graduated cylinder.
Explanation:
The graduated cylinder would be used to measure the volume of sea water while a balance will be used to measure the mass. Both values obtained will be used to determine the density of sea water.
A balance and a graduated cylinder are the appropriate lab instruments for measuring the density of seawater. The balance measures mass and the graduated cylinder measures volume; these values allow for the calculation of density (Option 4).
Explanation:To measure the density of seawater, a student would use the combination of a balance and a graduated cylinder. The balance would be used to measure the mass of the seawater, where seawater is initially weighed in the graduated cylinder and then it is subtracted with the mass of the empty cylinder to determine the mass of the seawater.
On the other hand, a graduated cylinder is used to measure the volume of the seawater. Once you have these values, density can be computed by using the formula density = mass/volume
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The 911 dispatchers who are specially trained to give prearrival instructions tocallers, such as how to control bleeding or how toperform, CPR arecalled:
A. base hospitals.
B. physicians.
C. Emergency Medical Dispatchers.
D. medical directors.
Answer:
Correct answer is ''c'' Emergency Medical Dispatchers
Explanation:
A 911 emergency medical dispatcher is a professional communicator who is trained to gather information related to medical emergencies, they must provide assistance and instructions by voice, prior to the arrival of the (EMS) regularly they use a series of key questions, pre-arrival instructions, and dispatch priorities to be used in the processing of EMS calls.
Final answer:
911 dispatchers trained to provide medical instructions are called Emergency Medical Dispatchers, playing a vital role in EMS by guiding callers in critical situations before help arrives. (Option C)
Explanation:
The 911 dispatchers who are specially trained to give prearrival instructions to callers, such as how to control bleeding or how to perform CPR, are called Emergency Medical Dispatchers. These professionals play a critical role in the emergency medical services (EMS) system by providing immediate guidance and instruction over the phone before paramedics or medical help arrives on the scene. In addition to their vital communication role, Emergency Medical Dispatchers have to make fast decisions, giving them a significant place within the chain of survival in emergency situations, particularly when life-saving interventions like CPR are required.
In 2004, scientists announced the discovery of the fossil remains of some extremely short early humans on the Indonesian island of Flores. The new species has been named Homo floresiensis. One hypothesis is that H. floresiensis evolved from Homo erectus, another early human species. How did a population of H. erectus become isolated on this remote island.
Answer: The most accepted guess is: By bamboo rafts.
Explanation:
There are two hypotheses.
The first is that they arrived on Flores as Homo erectus and then evolved to Homo floresiensis. The second is that they were already Homo floresiensis when they arrived. This second one is the more accepted hypothesis because it would take organization and language to accomplish this technological water transportation feat. Homo erectus is not known to have developed speech.
Now at the time this transport was estimated to have happened, 100000 years ago, the islands of Komodo and Flores were joined and visible from the mainland. Together they constituted a 19km wide straight visible that could be easily seen from the mainland. The Homo floresiensis tribes built bamboo rafts, or possibly some other floating apparatus made if wood, and sailed there. The islands then progressively drifted apart, isolating them.
PS: It is important to note that some things may have drove them there such as famine, violence, etc.
You are performing a Gram stain on g bacteria and you stop after the addition of the first dye. What is the appearance of the bacteria at this point?
Answer:
The correct answer is violet/ purple.
Explanation:
Gram staining is performed to distinguish between gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The first stain or dye which is used in gram stain is crystal violet. So after adding this dye, all cells will be colored purple.
So when we stop after the addition of first dye then all the cells will appear purple/violet because all the cells will contain crystal violet in its cell wall which can be seen under the microscope. So we will not be able to distinguish between gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. So the correct answer is purple.
Jared was working in a hot dish room all afternoon, sweating. After his shift, he stepped out into a cold December night and got "goose bumps." What type of homeostatic regulation best describes these physiological responses?
a. receptor-mediated homeostasis
b. autoregulation
c. positive feedback
d. extrinsic regulation
Answer:
Answer is D. Extrinsic regulation.
Explanation:
Extrinsic regulation is a type of regulation involving the activity of the nervous system or the endocrine system. Their activities bring about responses environmental changes.
The nervous system work by sending electrical signal while the endocrine system work by sending chemical signal, to adjust the activities of many systems in the body to the changes in the environment.
Extrinsic control involves the activity of outside organ to control another organ in homeostasis, while intrinsic control involves the activity of the actual organ to maintain homeostasis in itself.
Note that, homeostasis is the ability to maintain internal temperature to complement the changes in the environment.
The body's responses of sweating when hot and getting goose bumps when cold are examples of extrinsic regulation, a form of homeostatic regulation carried out by the nervous and endocrine systems in response to environmental changes.
Explanation:Jared's physiological reactions—sweating when hot and experiencing goose bumps when cold—are examples of extrinsic regulation. This type of homeostatic regulation involves responses controlled by the nervous and endocrine systems. When Jared was hot, his body released sweat to cool down, and when he stepped into the cold, his body contracted muscles to create 'goose bumps' in an attempt to conserve heat. Both processes are examples of how our bodies maintain internal balance in response to external changes, a key aspect of extrinsic regulation.
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Water molecules have one oxygen atom that is more electronegative than the two hydrogen atoms bound to it. As a result, which type of bonding holds water molecules together?
A) non polar covalent bonding
B) polar covalent bonding
C) ionic bonding
D) hydrogen bonds
Answer: The answer is polar covalent bonding
Explanation:
Water molecules (H2O) has 2 hydrogen atoms bonded to a single oxygen atom. Due to the more electronegative power of oxgen, it attracts to itself the single electron in each of the hydrogen atoms - thus becoming partially negative charged, while hydrogen atoms become partially positively charged.
The presence of these opposite charges in water molecules is known as POLAR COVALENT BONDING and it holds the molecules together for stability
Water molecules are held together by hydrogen bonds(option d), which form due to the partial positive and partial negative charges within the molecule. This bonding allows water to have unique properties.
Explanation:Water molecules are held together by hydrogen bonds.(option d)
Due to the electronegativity difference between oxygen and hydrogen, the oxygen atom becomes slightly negative and the hydrogen atoms become slightly positive. This creates a polar covalent bond within the water molecule, with the oxygen atom having a greater pull on the shared electrons.
These polar water molecules then form hydrogen bonds with each other. The partially positive hydrogen atoms are attracted to the partially negative oxygen atoms of neighboring water molecules. This bonding allows water to have unique properties, such as a high boiling point and the ability to dissolve many substances.
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Seizures that involve both hemispheres at the outset are termed a. complex. b. generalized. c. partial. d. focal.
Answer:
b. generalized
Explanation:
Generalized seizure is a type of seizure that is caused by an abnormal electrical activity throughout the brain, which begins with both hemispheres at the same time rather than starting at a discrete focal point.
Grand mal seizure also called tonic-clonic seizure is a type of generalized seizure caused by epilepsy, stroke or other factors. A person affected by this usually becomes unaware of his environment when experiencing this type of seizure. The person losses consciousness, followed by muscle convulsions.
When Avery and his colleagues had obtained the transforming factor from the IIISIIIS virulent cells, they treated the fraction with proteases, ribonuclease, and deoxyribonuclease, followed by the assay for retention or loss of transforming ability.
The mentioned question is not complete. The complete question is:
When Avery and his colleagues had obtained the transforming factor from the IIIS virulent cells, they treated the fraction with proteases, ribonuclease, and deoxyribonuclease, followed by the assay for retention or loss of transforming ability. What were the purpose and results of these experiments? What conclusions were drawn?
Answer:
The objective of treating the extraction with RNAse, proteases, and DNAse was to purify the fraction by selectively withdrawing protein, RNA and DNA. So, that it could be determined that what is the exact macromolecule, which was converting the avirulent cells into virulent cells. This is due to the fact that after degrading the macromolecule with the precise enzyme the conversion rate should have declined to zero if it was essential for transformation.
The outcomes of the Avery experiment had demonstrated that after the fraction was mixed with protease and RNAse the mixture was still possessing the tendency to convert the avirulent strain. However, when the DNAse was supplemented, the rate of transformation reduced, and there was no more transformation detected.
It was concluded by Avery and his colleagues that the DNA was the macromolecule accountable for the process of transformation as when it was degraded with DNAse in the extract transformation got ceased.
When arousal occurs, we tend to pay more attention to the message in order to understand the source of the arousal. Group of answer choices True False
Answer:False
Explanation: Arousal is simply the state of being alert, awake and attentive psychologically and this is controlled by the reticular activating system (RAS) in the brain. Arousal level is influenced by neurotransmitters in the brain. When aroused, you become aware of your environment and start preparing ways to respond to the situation. The source of the arousal isn't really paid much attention at that point.
It is true that arousal can lead to an increase in attention towards a message to understand the source of arousal, relating to the Yerkes-Dodson Law which suggests an optimal arousal level for performance.
Explanation:When arousal occurs, it is true that we tend to pay more attention to the message in order to understand the source of the arousal. This phenomenon is aligned with the Yerkes-Dodson Law, which postulates that there is an optimal level of arousal for performance. Too little arousal can lead to underperformance, just as too much can interfere with the ability to process information effectively. The moderate level of arousal helps in focusing our attention and resources on the task at hand, including the processing of relevant messages and information.
Which drugs require caution while being used with an older adult who has developed heart failure due to hypertension?
Answer:
Answer ..... Decongestants, Amphetamines and over-the- counter cold medications.
Explanation:
The above mentioned drugs require caution while administering them to an older adult with heart failure developed due to hypertension , this is because the drugs have the tendency of increasing water retention and increasing cardiac load. And this is very dangerous for such person.
Note that , Long -acting sedatives and narcotics can be administered safely, because they have no negative effect on cardiac function.
Answer:
Calcium channel blockers
Nsaid
Cold and cough medicines with pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine.
Imagine a newly discovered biological molecule that is mostly hydrophobic in its structure. This new molecule will most likely be classified as a___________.
Complete question:
Imagine a newly discovered biological molecule that is mostly hydrophobic in its structure. This new molecule will most likely be classified as a___________.
a. Proteins
b. Lipids
c. Nucleic acids
d. Carbohydrates
Answer:
b. Lipids
Explanation:
Lipids are the biomolecules that are mostly nonpolar in nature. Storage lipids such as fatty acids and oils have small or long chains of hydrocarbons. This makes them largely hydrophobic. Similarly, phospholipids have fatty acid chains that make their hydrophobic component. Steroids are also the lipids that have a distinct sterol nucleus in their structure. This makes then hydrophobic. Therefore, most of the lipids have structural components that make them largely hydrophobic molecules. So, the newly discovered molecule is most likely a lipid.
In the glycocalyx, __________ act like identification tags that enable the body to distinguish its own cells from foreign and diseased cells.
Answer:
glycoproteins
Explanation:
Glycoproteins are the proteins to which carbohydrates are attached. The glycocalyx is the covering made up of sugar residues of glycoproteins and glycolipids and is associated with the plasma membrane.
Glycoproteins of animal cells are exposed to the extracellular surface and are involved in cell recognition. They serve as a tag by which the cells are identified. For example, the glycoproteins of bacterial cells serve as antigens that are recognized by the cells of the immune system of humans. However, these cells recognize the glycoproteins present on the cells of own body as "Self". Likewise, specific glycoproteins present on the surface of RBCs determine the blood type as A, B, AB or O.
Glycoproteins and glycolipids in the glycocalyx serve as identification tags, helping the body distinguish its own cells from foreign ones which aids in immune responses and organ transplants.
Explanation:In the glycocalyx, glycoproteins act like identification tags that enable the body to distinguish its own cells from foreign and diseased cells. These glycoproteins are found on the outer surface of the cell membrane and contain sugar molecules. The unique arrangement of these sugars helps the immune system recognize self from non-self.
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GPCRs are receptor proteins found in the plasma membrane that are important for cellular communication. What cellular structure makes GPCRs?
Answer:
The rough endoplasmic reticulum
Explanation:
The rough endoplasmic reticulum has structures called ribosomes attached to them. Proteins which are to be made and transported are made in the ribosomes of the rough endoplasmic reticulum. The proteins are made by the ribosomes and modified by the rough endoplasmic reticulum. From the rough endoplasmic reticulum, the proteins move to the Golgi complex where they are packages to be moved. GPCRs proteins are also produced by the rough endoplasmic reticulum just like the other proteins.
Some organisms living in the high water portion of the intertidal zone cannot survive in the supralittoral zone because
they ________. 6) _____
A) have planktonic larval forms
B) are sessile
C) cannot tolerate desiccation or drying out
D) cannot tolerate temperature fluctuations
E) cannot tolerate fluctuating salinity
Answer:
The correct answer is - option A.
Explanation:
Some of the organisms that are living in the high water portion of the inter-tidal zone adapted several characteristics so they can develop the survival in such condition such as planktonic larval forms.
On other hand supra-littoral zone, the area above the high tide line on coast side. Due to planktonic larval forms these organism can not survive such zone.
Thus, the correct answer is - option A.
Untreated diabetes mellitus can lead to a condition in which the blood is more acidic than normal. Name two organ systems that play the largest role in compensating for acid-base imbalances.
Answer:
The two organ systems in the body that play the largest role in compensating for acid-base imbalances are the pulmonary and renal systems.
Explanation:
i. The renal system compensate for acid-base imbalances by reabsorbing bicarbonate and excreting fixed acids. kidney excretes or reabsorbs these substances during disease state which affect pH.
ii. The pulmonary system compensate for pH by using carbon dioxide; expiration removes carbon dioxide from the body which is released to the environment. Carbon dioxide in the body forms carbonic acid when combine with water. The amount of carbon dioxide expired can cause pH to increase or decrease. The respiratory system's effect on metabolic pH disturbances occurs in minutes to hours.
The respiratory system and the urinary system play the largest role in compensating for acid-base imbalances in untreated diabetes mellitus.
Explanation:The two organ systems that play the largest role in compensating for acid-base imbalances in untreated diabetes mellitus are the respiratory system and the urinary system.
Respiratory System: The respiratory system helps regulate the acid-base balance by controlling the levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the blood through breathing. When blood becomes more acidic, the respiratory system increases breathing rate to expel excess CO2 and decrease acidity.
Urinary System: The urinary system helps regulate the acid-base balance by controlling the levels of bicarbonate ions (HCO3-) in the blood through urine production. When blood becomes more acidic, the urinary system increases the reabsorption of bicarbonate ions and excretes more hydrogen ions (H+), thus reducing acidity.
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A 2-year-old child was playing with his toy cars outside when his mother noticed the child becoming cyanotic. You and your partner arrive on scene to find that one of the wheels from the truck has become lodged in the child's throat. Where is the wheel most likely lodged?
Answer:
The correct answer would be - cricoid cartilage (upto age of 5).
Explanation:
Discoloration or bluish color near the skin. It is occurred due to the high blood level with decreased hemoglobin in the near the skin surface. Hemoglobin is the protein that helps in transport of oxygen in the blood. This condition of bluish skin color due to deoxygenated blood known as the cyanotic.
Cricoid cartilage is the narrowest part of a child's airway until about the age of 5, where the wheel of the truck most probably stuck or lodged.
Thus, the correct answer is - cricoid cartilage
After Paul's serious snow-skiing accident, doctors detected damage to his cerebral cortex in Wernicke's area. Because of the damage, is Paul is most likely to experience difficulty with communication or with his memory?
Answer: Difficulty with communication
Explanation: The cerebral cortex is the thin layer of the brain that covers the outer portion (1.6mm to 5mm) of the cerebrum. It is covered by the meninges and often referred to as gray thing . The cortex is gray because nerves in this area lack the insulation that makes most other parts of the brain appear to be white. The cortex also covers the cerebellum.
The cerebellum receives information from the sensory systems, the spinal cord, and other parts of the brain and then regulates motor movements. The cerebellum coordinates voluntary movements such as posture, balance, coordination, and speech, resulting in smooth and balanced muscular activity
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Answer:
.
Explanation:
Darwin's opinion that living forms must be descended from extinct forms was based on ________ evidence.
Answer:
fossil
Explanation:
Fossils are remnants of living organisms that have been preserved as a result of natural processes such as carbonization, mineralization, etc.
Darwin studied the remains of animals when he worked as a naturalist during the expedition with HMS Beagle between 1831 and 1836. It was during this period he observed that the living forms of some animal species looked in some ways like their extinct counterparts.
He then concluded that living forms, though different in some ways from their extinct counterparts, must have descended from the extinct form with some modifications.