The average atomic mass of rubidium is 85.466 amu.
For calculating the average atomic mass of the Rb, the atomic masses for both the isotopes are taken into consideration.
The [tex]\rm ^8^5Rb[/tex] has atomic mass = 84.912 amu
The abundance of [tex]\rm ^8^5Rb[/tex] = 72.17 %
The average atomic mass of [tex]\rm ^8^5Rb[/tex] = 84.912 [tex]\rm \times\;\dfrac{72.17}{100}[/tex]
= 61.28 amu
The [tex]\rm ^8^7Rb[/tex] has atomic mass = 86.909 amu
The abundance of [tex]\rm ^8^7Rb[/tex] = 27.83%
The average atomic mass of [tex]\rm ^8^7Rb[/tex] = 86.909 [tex]\rm \times\;\dfrac{27.83}{100}[/tex]
= 24.186 amu
The average atomic mass of Rb will be = [tex]\rm ^8^5Rb[/tex] + [tex]\rm ^8^7Rb[/tex]
= 61.28 + 24.186 amu
= 85.466 amu.
The average atomic mass of rubidium is 85.466 amu.
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When a cell uses chemical energy to perform work it couples _____ reaction with _____ reaction?
How many orbitals are available in the first energy level?
Answer:
1
Explanation:
a p e x :)
Planet X is a terrestrial planet in our solar system. It has 21% oxygen in its atmosphere. Humans can walk on this planet without the aid of a space suit.
Based on the description, planet X is
Answer:
Earth
Explanation:
Suppose you are given an unknown solid material. Describe some tests you might perform to prove that is either an element or a compound?
To determine if an unknown solid material is an element or a compound, visual inspection, chemical reaction tests, test tube reactions to see characteristic behaviors, and spectroscopic analysis to identify the types of atoms present can all be utilized. An element will show uniform characteristics and limited reactivity, while a compound will have a fixed ratio of elements and distinct reaction patterns.
To determine whether an unknown solid material is an element or a compound, you can perform a series of tests. An element is a substance that cannot be chemically broken down into simpler substances and is found on the periodic table, while a compound consists of two or more elements that are chemically combined in a fixed ratio.
Identifying an Element or Compound
Visual Inspection: Observe the material to see if it has a uniform appearance. Compounds often have a uniform composition, while elements may or may not.Chemical Reaction Tests: Attempt to cause a chemical reaction. For example, by burning the material, you could observe whether a new substance is formed indicating a reaction. Burning magnesium ribbon, for instance, produces magnesium oxide, a compound of magnesium.Test Tube Reactions: Perform test tube reactions with other known substances. Different compounds will react in characteristic ways. For instance, sodium reacts vigorously with water but a compound containing sodium may not.Spectroscopic Analysis: Use techniques like mass spectrometry or X-ray diffraction to identify if the material is composed of one type of atom or multiple types, differentiating elements from compounds.If the material is an element, it may not react with other substances or only under specific conditions, and spectroscopic analysis will show peaks for only one type of atom. If the material is a compound, it will likely react with other substances and spectroscopic analysis will show the presence of two or more different types of atoms.
To answer more specific questions, like distinguishing between organic and inorganic substances or identifying the substance in a mixture, similar methods such as chromatography, infrared spectroscopy, and other chemical tests can be used.
Is potassium iodide an electrolyte or nonelectrolyte?
There are several salts that function as electrolytes when melting in the absence of any solvent, such as sodium chloride, and other salts, like silver iodide, are electrolyte even in the solid form. Therefore, potassium iodide is an electrolyte.
What is electrolyte?In physics and chemistry, an electrolyte is a material that allows ions, which are negatively and positively charged particles, to dissociate. Ions move toward and are typically released at the positive and negative terminals (anode and cathode) of an electric circuit, etc.
Acids, bases, and salts that are dissolved in solvents like water or alcohol cause ionization, making them the most well-known electrolytes. Potassium iodide is an electrolyte.
Therefore, potassium iodide is an electrolyte.
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A compound is found to consist of 1.37g of iron and 2.62g of chlorine. what is the percent by mass of chlorine in the compound?
A chemist dissolved crystals of an unknown substance into water at room temperature. He found that 33 g of the substance can be dissolved into 100 mL of water. What property of the unknown substance was the chemist most likely investigating? its solubility its rate of dissolution its chemical reaction to water its reaction to temperature changes
Answer:
He must be investigating its solubility in water.
Explanation:
Solubility is the maximum amount of a substance that can be dissolved in 100mL or 100g of water at a given temperature.
So if a chemist dissolves some amount of a crystal in 100mL then it shows that is he investigating the solubility.
The rate of dissolution will be measured only if time is also noted.
To understand the reaction one has to do some other test after reaction.
To note the temperature change the chemist must use thermometer.
Answer: its solubility
Explanation:
Could someone please help me with this question?
When an electric current is passed through water during the process of electrolysis, two gases are formed. One has a boiling point of -183°C and the other has a boiling point of -253°C. Has a physical change or chemical change occurs? Explain.
If a sample of 0.362 m lithium phosphate contains 0.284 g of lithium, what is the volume of the sample?
Answer;
= 0.03791 Liters
Solution and explanation;
-The molar mass of Li3PO4 is 115.79 g/mol.
-If lithium is 6.9 g/mol, multiplied by 3 (from Li3PO4), that would be 20.7 g/mol.
-Now we can use this to find the percentage of Li in Li3PO4, 20.7/115.79 = 0.1788 or 17.88%
-This 17.88% can tell us the mass of Li3PO4 using the mass which 0.284. Now lets divide 0.284 by 0.1788 = 1.589 g. This now the mass of Li3PO4.
-Using that, we can now easily find the moles of Li3PO4,
using the molar mass. So (1.589g)(1mol/115.79g)=0.013723 moles of Li3PO4.
-From this, we can now find the volume using molarity (0.362), which is moles per Liter.
= (0.013723 moles)(1L/0.362mol)=0.03791 L
Layers of rock that bend can produce a downward fold known as a(n)
Answer:
Syncline
Explanation:
Synclines are the down folds that are constructed due to the compressive forces acting on a layer from both sides. It usually occurs in size ranging from a microscopic scale to a large megascopic scale. The oldest rocks are present at its outermost limb and the rocks become gradually younger toward its hinge area.
In an outcrop, the syncline and the anticline, both form simultaneously. The limbs that dip towards the trough of the fold indicate a syncline whereas the limbs that dips towards the crest are the anticline. The variation in the shape of these foldings (anticline and syncline) depends upon the intensity of the force.
The label on a container of margarine lists "hydrogenated vegetable oil" as the major ingredient. what is the result of adding hydrogens to vegetable oil? the label on a container of margarine lists "hydrogenated vegetable oil" as the major ingredient. what is the result of adding hydrogens to vegetable oil? the hydrogenated vegetable oil is less likely to clog arteries. the hydrogenated vegetable oil has fewer trans fatty acids. the hydrogenated vegetable oil has more "kinks" in the fatty acid chains. the hydrogenated vegetable oil has a lower melting point. the hydrogenated vegetable oil stays solid at room temperature.
Catalytic hydrogenation causes the oil to become saturated. So hydrogenated vegetable oil has fewer trans fatty acids and thereby less kinks. The greater the unsaturation (double bonds) the higher is the "kinks" in the fatty acid chains. Hydrogenated vegetable oil have higher melting point causing them to be solids at room temperature such as margarine. In the absence of double bonds (hydrogenated) the fatty acids pack tightly in a crystal lattice. Hydrogenated vegetable oil is likely to clog arteries.
The label on a container of margarine lists "hydrogenated vegetable oil" as the major ingredient. What is the result of adding hydrogens to vegetable oil?
-The hydrogenated vegetable oil has a lower melting point.
-The hydrogenated vegetable oil stays solid at room temperature.
-The hydrogenated vegetable oil has more "kinks" in the fatty acid chains.
-The hydrogenated vegetable oil has fewer trans fatty acids.
-The hydrogenated vegetable oil is less likely to clog arteries.
Further explanationOils such as vegetable, olive, sunflower are liquids at room temperature. In the food industry, hydrogen is added to oils in a process called hydrogenation to make them more solid, or 'spreadable'.
Hydrogenated vegetable oils (HVOs) in margarine (Margarine is a spread used for flavoring, baking, and cooking that was first made in France in 1869) used due to benefits like longer shelf-life. But it have bad effects on health because they are main sources of trans fatty acids (TFAs), which are of interest due to their effects on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Vegetable oils, are oils extracted from seeds, or less often, from other parts of fruits. Vegetable oilsare mixtures of triglycerides.
By adding hydrogens to vegetable oil it changes into a solid form called vanaspati ghee in the presence of nickel called catalyst through the process of hydrogenation.
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Grade: 9
Subject: Chemistry
Chapter: ingredient
Keywords: container of margarine, hydrogenated vegetable oil, the fatty acid chains, ingredient, clog arterie
An atom of tin has an atomic number of 50 and a mass number of 119 how many protons neutrons and electrons does this atom have
A chemical bond formed when two atoms of the same element share electrons is a _________________ _________________ bond.
You just found a metallic object in a creek bed. You have found its mass to be 96.5 g, and it displaces 5 mL of water. What is the substance?
yeah the answer is gold
The heat of combustion of butane , c4h10 , is 2874 kj/mol. what is the heat of combustion of butane, in kj per gram?(provide the right sig. fig)
Answer : 49.45 kJ per gram.
Explanation:
Heat of combustion is the amount of heat released on complete combustion of 1 mole of substance.
Given :
Amount of heat released on combustion of butane = 2874 kJ/mol
According to avogadro's law, 1 mole of every substance occupies 22.4 L at NTP, weighs equal to the molecular mass and contains avogadro's number [tex]6.023\times 10^{23}[/tex] of particles.
1 mole of [tex]C_4H_{10}[/tex] weighs = 58.12 g
Thus we can say:
58.12 g of [tex]C_4H_{10}[/tex] on combustion releases = 2874 kJ
Thus 1 g of [tex]C_4H_{10}[/tex] on combustion releases =[tex]\frac{2874}{58.12}\times 1=49.45 kJ[/tex]
Thus the heat of combustion of butane, in kJ per gram is 49.45.
The term for free electrons in metals transferring energy by colliding with other atoms or electrons is _____.
Answer:
Conduction.
Explanation:
Take my answer with a grain of salt, but I believe this is the answer.
What kind of ions do acids release when dissolved in water?
Where does the energy to form the peptide bond between two amino acids come from?
An open box is to be made out of a 12-inch by 16-inch piece of cardboard by cutting out squares of equal size from the four corners and bending up the sides. find the dimensions of the resulting box that has the largest volume.
To maximize the volume of the box formed by cutting out squares from a rectangular piece of cardboard, assign a variable 'x' to represent the sides of the squares cut out, and then find the dimensions of the box by subtracting twice 'x' from both the length and the width of the cardboard. The volume of the box is then given by V = x x (12-2x) x (16-2x). Differentiate this equation and solve for x to find the box's dimensions that give maximum volume.
Explanation:To find the dimensions of the cardboard box with the maximum volume, we first need to assign a variable to the size of a square that is cut out from each corner. Let's call this variable 'x'.
Then, the dimensions of the box are (12-2x) by (16-2x). We get these dimensions by subtracting two times the length of the square cut out from the length and width of the cardboard.
The volume V of the box can be found using the formula V = length x width x height, which in this case becomes V = x x (12-2x)x(16-2x).
To find the maximum volume we would differentiate this cubic equation, set the derivative equal to zero, and solve for x. This is a doable but rather complicated calculus problem and the solutions are not straightforward numbers. However, if this calculation were done the x that results in maximum volume would be found. The dimensions of the box with maximum volume would then be length: 12-2x inches, width: 16-2x inches, and height: x inches.
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Nitrogen has an atomic number of 7; therefore, it has ______ electrons in its outermost electron shell.
a.10
b.18
c.5
d.2
Among all the given options, the correct option is option C. Nitrogen has an atomic number of 7; therefore, it has 5 electrons in its outermost electron shell.
What is atomic number?The quantity of protons inside the nucleus of the atom makes up the atomic number of such a chemical element. Given that neutrons don't have a net electrical charge, it is the nucleus' charge number.
The identification of such an element and several of its chemical characteristics are determined by its atomic number. The rising atomic number is used to rank the current periodic table.
Any atom containing 47 protons is just an atom of silver. Hydrogen has an atomic number of 1, carbon has an atomic number of 6, and silver has an atomic number of 47. Nitrogen has an atomic number of 7; therefore, it has 5 electrons in its outermost electron shell.
Therefore, the correct option is option C.
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Imagine clark kent is investigating the half-life of krypton-8 and finds that it is approximately 10.8 years. what fraction of the initial amount of krypton-8 would still be remaining after 65 years?
Nitroglycerin has a formula c3h5(no3)3. the molar mass of nitroglycerin is
Nitroglycerin has a formula (C₃H₅(NO₃)₃), the molar mass of nitroglycerin is 227.11 g/mol.
To calculate the molar mass of nitroglycerin (C₃H₅(NO₃)₃), we need to find the molar masses of each element and then add them up.
The molar mass of each element is as follows:
C (Carbon) = 12.01 g/mol
H (Hydrogen) = 1.01 g/mol
N (Nitrogen) = 14.01 g/mol
O (Oxygen) = 16.00 g/mol
Now, let's calculate the molar mass of each component in nitroglycerin:
3 carbon atoms (C) = 3 x 12.01 g/mol = 36.03 g/mol
5 hydrogen atoms (H) = 5 x 1.01 g/mol = 5.05 g/mol
3 nitrogen atoms (N) = 3 x 14.01 g/mol = 42.03 g/mol
9 oxygen atoms (O) = 9 x 16.00 g/mol = 144.00 g/mol
Next, add up the molar masses of all the elements:
Molar mass of nitroglycerin = 36.03 g/mol + 5.05 g/mol + 42.03 g/mol + 144.00 g/mol
Molar mass of nitroglycerin = 227.11 g/mol
So, the molar mass of nitroglycerin is approximately 227.11 grams per mole (g/mol).
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Classify these atomic orbitals as s, p, or d according to their shape.
In a sample of pure copper all atoms have atomic numbers which are
Ordinary household bleach is an aqueous solution of sodium hypochlorite. what is the molarity of a bleach solution that contains 32.4 g of sodium hypochlorite in a total volume of 499 ml?
The molar concentration of sodium hypochlorite solution is 0.8717 M.
What is molar concentration?Molar concentration is defined as a measure by which concentration of chemical substances present in a solution are determined. It is defined in particular reference to solute concentration in a solution . Most commonly used unit for molar concentration is moles/liter.
The molar concentration depends on change in volume of the solution which is mainly due to thermal expansion. Molar concentration is calculated by the formula, molar concentration=mass/ molar mass ×1/volume of solution in liters.
In terms of moles, it's formula is given as molar concentration= number of moles /volume of solution in liters.
To calculate molar concentration of sodium hypochlorite , substitute the given values in the given formula which is,
molar concentration=mass/molar mass×1 /volume of solution in liters.
=32.4/74.4×1/0.499=0.8717 M.
Thus, the molar concentration of sodium hypochlorite is 0.8717 M.
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Final answer:
To calculate the molarity of a bleach solution containing 32.4 g of sodium hypochlorite in a total volume of 499 ml, the mass of NaOCl is first converted to moles and then divided by the volume in liters, resulting in a molarity of 0.872 M.
Explanation:
The question asks for the molarity of a bleach solution that contains 32.4 g of sodium hypochlorite in a total volume of 499 ml. To find the molarity, we first need to convert the mass of sodium hypochlorite to moles using its molar mass (74.44 g/mol for NaOCl), and then divide by the volume of the solution in liters.
First, calculate the number of moles of NaOCl:
Number of moles = 32.4 g / 74.44 g/mol = 0.435 moles NaOClNext, convert the volume of the solution to liters:
Volume in liters = 499 ml / 1000 ml/L = 0.499 LFinally, calculate the molarity of the solution:
Molarity = number of moles / volume in liters = 0.435 moles / 0.499 L = 0.872 MThis bleach solution has a molarity of 0.872 M.
If the ph of a solution is decreased from ph 8 to ph 6 it means that the
Explanation:
Relation between pH and concentration of hydrogen ions is as follows.
pH = [tex]-log [H^{+}][/tex]
So, it means that an increase in the value of pH will show that there occurs a decrease in concentration of hydrogen ions.
Therefore, the solution becomes basic in nature.
On the other hand, a decrease in the value of pH will show that there occurs an increase in the concentration of hydrogen ions.
Therefore, the solution becomes more acidic in nature.
Hence, if the pH of a solution is decreased from pH 8 to pH 6 it means that the concentration of hydrogen ions has increased in the solution.
If the pH of a solution is decreased from pH 8 to pH 6 it means that the concentration of hydrogen ions in the solution has been increased while the concentration of OH ions have been decreased.
Further Explanation: pH and pOH pH and pOH measures the acidity or alkalinity of a substance.pH is the measure hydrogen ion concentration in a substance while pOH measures the concentration of hydroxyl ions.Acids and bases Acids Acids are substances that react with bases to form salt and water as the only products.Acids have a pH less than 7, with strong acids having a pH range of 1-3 while weak acids have a pH range of 4-6.The pOH of acids on the other hand is greater than 7.BasesBases are substances that react with acids to form salt and water as the only product.Bases have a pH greater than 7, with strong bases having a pH range of 12-14 and weak bases having a pH range of 8-11.Bases have a pOH less than 7.Calculation of pH and pOH pH is calculated as the negative logarithm of hydrogen ion concentration.That is;
pH = -Log [H+]
pOH on the other hand is calculated as the negative logarithm of hydroxyl ion concentration.That is;
pOH =-Log[OH-]
Additionally;
pH + pOH = 14
Keywords: Acids, bases, pH, pOH
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Subject: Chemistry
Topic: Acids and bases
Sub-topic; pH and pOH
Gaseous acetylene (c2h2) reacts with oxygen gas to form gaseous carbon dioxide and gaseous water. express your answer as a chemical equation. identify all of the phases in your answer.
2C2H2(g)+5O2(g)→4CO2(g)+2H2O(g)
Which best explains the high surface tension of water?
A. its high density
B. its ion-dipole interactions
C. its adhesive interactions
D. its hydrogen bonding interactions
What is the reaction that links two monosaccharides together?
List the three atomic particles, their relative masses and their, charges. why is the mass of an electron ignored when calculating the mass of an atom?