Arrange the following five events in an order that explains the mass flow of materials in the phloem.

1. Water diffuses into the sieve tubes.
2. Leaf cells produce sugar by photosynthesis.
3. Solutes are actively transported into sieve tubes.
4. Sugar is transported from cell to cell in the leaf.
5. Sugar moves down the stem.

A) 2, 1, 4, 3, 5
B) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
C) 2, 4, 3, 1, 5
D) 4, 2, 1, 3, 5
E) 2, 4, 1, 3, 5

The right answer is C. (non sens mutation are the most harmful)

In genetics, a nonsense mutation is a point mutation in which a nucleotide of a codon is changed, inducing the replacement of a codon encoding an amino acid (UGU, cystein) by a stop codon (UGA). The resulting protein, truncated and therefore incomplete (because the translation ends prematurely, and therefore we will have a truncated protein), is generally non-functional.

The answer is D.) Obligate anaerobe.

Answer: IT DECREASES

Explanation:

The answer would be A because it is the inner core of the earth.

Answer:

The correct answer is: 6 molecules of carbon dioxide are required in order to produce 1 molecule of glucose.

Glucose is synthesized in light-independent phase of the photosynthesis by cyclic process called Calvin cycle.

It takes place in the chloroplast and utilize ATP and NADPH produced in light-dependent phase of the photosynthesis.

Calvin cycle is divided into three parts: carbon fixation, reduction, and regeneration.

The cycle fixes 1 molecule of carbon per rotation. In addition, it requires 3 ATP and 2 NADPH in a single turn.

The cycle turns 6 times to produce one molecule of glucose. Hence, it requires 6 CO₂, 18 ATP, and 12 NADPH to fix one molecule of glucose.

If we can treat "black and white" as a single allele that is dominant, let's call it B. "Brown and white" as a recessive single allele can be represented  as genotype b. Because offspring were both brown and black, we know both parents must have a b allele, and at least one must have a B allele.

A genotype is the total set of heritable genes which is  transferred from parents to offspring;

These genes involve in encoding specific features and the characteristics can be physically expressed in an organism called as phenotype.

In a complete Punnett square for two heterozygous parents, we get results of 25% homozygous dominant (BB), 50% heterozygous (Bb), and 25% homozygous recessive (bb). In terms of phenotype, 75% of offspring would be black and white, and 25% brown and white.

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Answer:

A

Explanation:

the correct answer from the choices listed above is option A. A potential negative  consequence of using genetically engineered medicine would be that gene markers that are resistant to antibiotics are used,

Gene markers that are resistant to antibiotics are used, providing the possibility for humans to have increased antibiotic resistance. The correct answer is a.

The potential negative consequence of using genetically engineered medicine outlined in option A is a valid concern. In some cases, genetic engineering may involve the use of antibiotic resistance genes as markers during the development process. These genes help identify successfully modified cells. However, there is a risk that these antibiotic resistance genes could transfer to bacteria in the human body or the environment, contributing to the development of antibiotic-resistant strains.

This poses a significant public health concern as antibiotic resistance can compromise the effectiveness of antibiotics in treating bacterial infections, leading to more challenging and potentially life-threatening medical scenarios. Therefore, careful consideration and regulation are crucial in the development and use of genetically engineered medicines to mitigate potential negative consequences like increased antibiotic resistance.

The structure in the given statement is certainly a semipermeable membrane. The correct option is D.

A semipermeable membrane is a hindrance that allows some molecules to pass while blocking the passage of others.

To transport any substance from outside to inside or vise-versa, it require use of energy using active passage.

Substances pass against its concentration gradient during active transport, from a low concentration area to a high concentration area.

This process is considered active because it necessitates the use of fuel basically in the form of ATP. It is the polar opposite of passive transportation.

Active transport is commonly associated with the accumulation of high concentrations of molecules required by the cell, such as ions, glucose, and amino acids.

Thus, the correct option is D.

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Answer:

A. Rate of growth of a seedling over two weeks.

Explanation:

A. Rate of growth of a seedling over two weeks.

Final answer:

The plant's poor performance, despite receiving adequate sunlight, water, minerals, and carbon dioxide, may be due to unsuitable temperature conditions. Plants have an optimum temperature range for growth, and temperatures too high or low can negatively affect photosynthesis and overall plant health.

Explanation:

Jane supplied plenty of water, minerals, sunlight, and carbon dioxide for her plant, but it still didn't do well. The reason might be the temperature conditions, either extreme heat or cold.

Plants require specific environmental conditions for optimal growth, including adequate sunlight, carbon dioxide, water, and minerals. They also need temperatures above freezing while actively growing and photosynthesizing. However, every plant has an optimum temperature range for growth, and deviating from this range can significantly affect their physiology and biochemistry. Too high temperatures can cause a water deficit stress leading to stomata closing, which limits CO₂ uptake and reduces photosynthesis. Conversely, temperatures below the optimum can slow down the metabolic processes essential for growth.

Additionally, other factors such as too much or too little water and incorrect light levels can influence plant health. Waterlogged soils, resulting from excess water, become anaerobic, harming root growth. Similarly, inadequate or excessive light affects photosynthesis, limiting growth. Thus, even if a plant is supplied with all necessary nutrients, unfavorable environmental conditions can prevent it from thriving.

B. Bend the arm at the elbow with the back straight

Final answer:

The activity concerning the comparison of a bird, bat, lizard, frog, cat, and whale is meant to illustrate their evolutionary relationships, using homologous structures and constructing cladograms to understand common ancestry.

Explanation:

The question relates to the concept of evolutionary relationships and common ancestry among organisms, which are key topics in biology. The organisms listed, namely a bird, bat, lizard, frog, cat, and whale, can all be compared in terms of their phylogenetic relatedness. Such comparisons often involve looking at homologous structures, which are anatomical features that are derived from a common ancestor but may have different functions, as is seen in bird wings and whale fins. Additionally, constructing a cladogram can help illustrate the evolutionary pathways and relationships between different species. By examining these aspects, it's possible to draw conclusions about how closely related these organisms are, and we can infer that mammals (such as bats, cats, and whales) share a more recent common ancestor with each other than with birds, lizards, and frogs which belong to different branches of the vertebrate tree of life.

The efficiency of energy transfer in a food chain is only about 10% due to the energy loss in the form of heat at each trophic level, which is a consequence of the second law of thermodynamics. As a result, after a limited number of energy transfers, there's not enough energy left to support another trophic level, limiting the length of food chains.

The transfer of energy in a food chain is usually only about 10 percent efficient due to the second law of thermodynamics, which accounts for the loss of energy at each trophic level. This loss comes in the form of heat during the metabolic processes of organisms, such as respiration. An organism, for instance, only utilizes a small fraction of its consumed energy to do work or grow, with the majority lost as heat or stored as fat.

The concept of Trophic Level Transfer Efficiency (TLTE) serves to quantify this phenomenon. Taking the Silver Springs ecosystem as an example, the available energy from the primary producers (7,618 kcal/m²/yr) to the primary consumers resulted in the magnitude of 1,103 kcal/m²/yr, with the rest lost as heat or employed in respiration. Another related concept is the net primary productivity, which comprises the energy that remains in the primary producers after accounting for their individual energy requirements and heat loss.

Due to the successive energy losses at each trophic level, after a certain number of energy transfers, there is not enough energy remaining in the food chain to support another level. This principle explains the limited length of food chains in most ecosystems.

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